Word list

staircase = stairs, n pl	лестница
string, n	тетива лестницы (наклонные балки, похожие на косоуры, но проступи крепятся к ним изнутри сбоку)
tread, n	проступь
riser, n	подступень лестницы
balustrade, n	балюстрада, парапет перила
handrail, n	поручни, перила
formwork, n	опалубка
fire escape	пожарная лестница
bracket, n	скобка, скоба
going, n	проступь, ширина ступени
dimension, n	размер, габариты
flight, n	марш лестницы; пролёт
glue, v	клеить; приклеивать; наклеивать
groove, n; v	проточка; делать выемки; нарезать (прорезать) пазы
nail, n; v	гвоздь; забивать гвозди; прибивать гвоздями
wedge, n;v	клин; забивать клин
strengthen, v	укреплять
joint, n	соединение; стык
cramp iron	скоба
carriage, n	косоур (составляющая основную опору лестницы балка лестничного марша, к которой крепятся ступени)
newel post	нижняя стойка лестничных перил
trimmer [trimming] joist	обвязка проёма (в перекрытии)
nosing, n	выступающая кромка (ступени)
baluster, n	балюстра, балясина перил
site, n	строительная площадка

“Our experience of an architectural space is strongly influenced by how we arrive in it.”

Matthew Frederick (architect)

Unit 6

DOORS

Read the text:

(§1) A door is a movable barrier that separates internal and external spaces. It is usually attached to a frameon one side by hinges. A door provides access, protection, security and privacy. The main parts of a door are labeled in Figure 6.1.

Figure 6.1 Standard Door Parts

(§2) The doors can be made out of different structural pieces:

1. Ledges, braces and battens;

2. Frames, ledges, braces and battens.

Making a ledged, braced and battened door

(§3) This is a very simple door for internal or external use, which is cheap to make (Figure 6.2.) and it consists of the following pieces:

· Tongued, grooved and V-jointed battens measuring 100×10 mm that form the surface of the door. The joints should be vertical;

· Horizontal pieces called ledges measuring about 100×25 mm;

· Diagonal pieces called braces that measure about 100×25 mm. Braces should be fixed so that they slope up away from the hinges.

(§4) When constructing this type of door the following steps should be followed:

1) assemble the battens so that they are the right size for the door.

2) glue the tongues and grooves together.

3) screw or nail the battens to the ledges.

4) cut out and fit the braces between the ledges.

5) nail the battens to the braces.

This type of door does not have any special woodworking joints.

Making a framed, braced, and battened door

(§5) This door is stronger than the ledged, braced and battened door because the battens are set inside a timber frame (Figure 6.3).The framed, braced, and batteneddoor consists of these pieces:

1) battens that form the surface of the door;

2) a frame with a head rail, bottom rail and two stiles;

3) a ledge;

4) braces.

(§6) The basic steps for constructing this type of door are to:

1) cut and assemble the pieces of the frame to fit the door size;

2) insert the head and bottom rail into recesses in the stiles;

3) fit the braces;

4) nail the battens on the braces and stile.

Figure 6.2 An example of a ledged, braced and battened door	Figure 6.3 An example of a framed, braced and battened door

(§7) The other examples of doors are flush doors and panelled doors. Flush doors have no projections or recesses on either surface of the door. These doors are usually made of large sheets of plywood or hardboard. They may have glazed panels to allow in some light.

Panelled doors are suitable for internal and external use. They are made from solid timber frames with solid or glazed panels.

Assignments: