Modern Electronics

…recent advance in electronics has had great impact on both … electronics and our daily lives. With … arrival of the microprocessor, another evolutionary stage has taken place in … electronics field. What … introduction of … transistor did … number of years back, the microprocessor is doing now. Every day, more and more applications of this device affect our lives in many ways.

What are microprocessors and microcomputers? Why have they such impact on industry and our lives?

Before … understanding and appreciation of microprocessors and microcomputers can be achieved, one must know how … computer works in general and what components are involved. …simplified description of how … computer works is to describe it as follows: … computer executes … sequential set of instructions. …instructions are in … binary-coded form and reside in… computer’s memory. Each instruction has … unique code specifying … particular operation and has been placed in specific sequence by … computer programmer.

…complete set of instructions is referred to as … program, and … program allows … computer to perform … useful function.

…computer can perform this function by taking (fetching) … first instruction from memory and performing (executing) … operation called for by … code. Then it goes back to …memory unit and takes … next instruction in sequence (unless directed otherwise) and performs … operation called for by its code. This sequential fetching of … instruction and execution of that instruction continues until … final instruction is executed. Thus, … computer has finished performing … function defined by … program and can either wait for … new set of instructions (program) or be directed to repeat … entire program over again.

Minicomputers are much … smaller in physical size and are used mostly for purposes such as industrial process control, scientific applications in research laboratories, and management of business records for small companies. These computers are in great demand because of their relatively inexpensive price compared to … maxicomputers and their varied capabilities, making them very flexible and easy to package for … variety of applications.

The microcomputer is … least expensive and smallest of the three types of computers. Its greatest impact is … realm of data acquisition and control in industrial process control, although many applications have been found in consumer electronics and … computer market. Microcomputers of … technology involved in manufacturing them will change many aspects of our daily lives.

Заняття 48

Тема: Електронні випрямлячі. Згладжувальні фільтри

Граматичний матеріал: Багатозначність слів

Вправа 1. Прочитайте та перекладіть лексику за допомогою словника.

rectifier [ ˈrɛktɪfaɪə ]

preferable [ ˈprɛfərəbl ]

obtain [ əbˈteɪn]

requirement [rɪˈkwaɪəmənt ]

consist of [kənˈsɪst ɒv]

determine [dɪˈtɜːmɪn]

rod [ə rɒd ]

strength [strɛŋθ]

glass tube [glɑːs tjuːb ]

electron-emitting member [ ɪˈlɛktrɒn-ɪˈmɪtɪŋ ˈmɛmbə ]

suitable voltage [ˈsjuːtəbl ˈvəʊltɪʤ]

gas-filled type [gæs-fɪld taɪp]

attract [əˈtrækt ]

external circuit [ɛksˈtɜːnl ˈsɜːkɪt ]

smoothing filters [ˈsmuːðɪŋ ˈfɪltəz ]

reduce [ rɪˈdjuːs]

ripple voltage [ˈrɪpl ˈvəʊltɪʤ]

be distinguished by [bɪː dɪsˈtɪŋgwɪʃt baɪ]

number of links [ˈnʌmbər ɒv lɪŋks]

Вправа 2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст українською.