Moscow, the heart of Russia

Founded in 1147 by Prince Yury Dolgoruky, Moscow has become the largest political, administrative, economic and cultural centre, the railway, highway and international airway crossroads. Moscow is the seat of the Russian Government, one of the world’s cultural, scientific and art centres, the seat of the academy of Sciences of Russia. Moscow has a great number of historical and architectural monuments that should be carefully preserved.

Moscow is more than 850 years old, but never before has our capital seen such a scale of construction as has been performed in recent years. Alongside housing, much is to be done in the next years for the further development of cultural and educational institutions, health services, trade, communal and other services.

A major feature of Moscow’s development is the establishment of the industries requiring highly - skilled labour, and the branches producing high - quality consumer goods, as well as the development of plasma, laser, electron-beam and other promising technologies. Much attention is also paid to the reconstruction of the industrial facilities which already exist. The successful implementation of the plan will provide for the comprehensive economic and social development of the capital.

Transport is a serious problem for all large cities in the world. The capitals of the major capitalist states are often unable to solve this problem. Moscow has also a transport problem. The territory of the capital has expanded in the last few years and with it came the large - scale migration of the population.

Roads constitute another aspect of the transport problem. Having taken the decision to reconstruct many of the existing streets and to build new roads we have already started the construction of new roads, which will link several of the city’s districts between the Moscow Circular Highway and the Sadovoye Ring Road.

Вариант 2

1. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).

We expect them to complete their research work this month.

Demand for coal is expected to remain weak in the developing countries.

This machine part was supposed to be made of plastics.

The machinery to be installed in this shop is provided with automatic devices

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов (см. образец выполнения 2).

The students have three lectures today, the last one being on economics.

New technological processes having been developed, new types of equipment have been installed in the shop.

Having looked through all the documents and letters received that day he went home.

3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений (см. образец выполнения 3).

He would be asked if he were at the lecture.

If the speed of the body were 16 km per second, it would leave the solar system.

If I had seen him yesterday I should have tell him about the meeting.

4. Прочитайте и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3, 4-й абзацы.