Muscle soreness

1. Overexertion in strenuous muscular exercise often results in muscular pain. 2. At one time or another most everyone has experienced muscle soreness, usually resulting from some physical activity to which we are unaccustomed. 3. There are two types of muscle soreness. 4. The first type of muscle pain is acute and accompanies fatigue. 5. It is transient and occurs during and immediately after exercise. 6. The second type of soreness involves delayed muscle pain that appears approximately 12 hours after injury. 7. It becomes most intense after 24 to 48 hours and then gradually subsides so that the muscle becomes symptom free after 3 or 4 days. 8. This second type of pain may best be described as a syndrome of delayed muscle pain, leading to increased muscle tension, edema formation, increased stiffness, and resistance to stretching. 9. The cause of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) has been debated. 10. Initially it was hypothesized that soreness was due to an excessive buildup of lactic acid in exercised muscles. 11. However, recent evidence has essentially ruled out this theory. 12. It has also been hypothesized that DOMS is caused by the tonic, localized spasm of motor units, varying in number with the severity of pain. 13. This theory maintains that exercise causes varying degrees of ischemia in the working muscles. 14. This ischemia causes pain, which results in reflex tonic muscle contraction that increases and prolongs the ischemia.

5.8. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions if necessary.