Answer the Questions. 1.What is D. H. Lawrence chiefly known for?

1.What is D. H. Lawrence chiefly known for?

2. What concern do his books show?

3. What kind of characters do his books deal with?

4. Where was D. H. Lawrence bom?

5. What book describes his early life? What does it criticize?

6. What themes did he use in his books?

7. Why was the novel «Lady Chatterley's Lover» banned from publication?

8. What other books did he write?

9. What journeys supplied the background for his books?

9.6. Thomas Steakns Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888—1965), ranks among the most im­portant poets of the 1900's. In «The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock», «The Waste Land», and other poems, he departed radically from the techniques and subject matter of pre-World War I poetry. His poetry, along with his critical works, helped to reshape modem literature. Eliot received the 1948 Noble Prize for literature.

T. S. Eliot was born in St. Louis. He studied at Harvard, the Sorbonne in Paris, and Oxford. He setded in London in 1914. Eliot was working as a bank clerk when his poems came to the attention of the American poet Ezra Pound. Pound encouraged Eliot, and helped him with his poetiy.

Many of Eliot's views on literature appeared in «The Criterion», a literary magazine he edited from 1922 to 1939. Eliot served as a director of a London publishing house from 1925 until his deadi.

In 1927, Eliot became a British subject, declaring himself «Anglo-Catholic in religion, royalist in politics, and classicist in literature».

Eliot's first major poem, «The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock» (1917), revealed his original and highly developed style. The poem shows the influence of certain French poets of the 1800's, but its startling jumps from rhetorical language to cliche, its indirect liter­ary rcfcrenccs, and its simultaneous humor and pessimism were quite new in English literature.

«Prufrock» created a small literary stir, but «The Waste Land» (1922), created an uproar. Some critics called the work a master­piece, others a hoax. While this long, complex poem includes many obscure literary references, many in other languages, it

s main direction is clear. It contrasts the spiritual bankruptcy Eliot saw in modern Europe with the values and unity of the past.

Eliot's «Ash Wednesday» (1930), far different from «The Waste Land» in tone and mood, is more musical, direct, and traditional, and, in its religious emphasis, tentatively hopeful. «Four Quartets», his last major poem, is a deeply religious, of­ten beautiful, meditation on time and timclessness. It includes four sections: «Burnt Norton» (1936), «EastCoker» (1940), «The Dry Salvages» (1941), and «Little Gidding» (1942). In «Little Gidding», he wrote:

Wc shall not ceasc from exploration And the end of all our exploring Will be to arrive where we started And know the place for the first time. Eliot also wrote several verse dramas. «Murder in the Cathe­dral» (1935), his first major play, is based on the death of Thomas a Becket. On the surfacc, «The Cocktail Party» (1950) appears to be a sophisticated comedy, but it is really a deeply religious and mystical work. Eliot's other plays include «The Family Reunion» (1939), «The Confidential Clerk» (1954), and «The Elder States­man» (1958).

Eliot's «Complete Poems and Plays» (1909—1950) was pub­lished in 1952. A collection of his important prose appears in «Se­lected Essays» (3^rd edition, 1951).