Find the English equivalents for the following. Give the situations in which these word combinations are used

Уникати негативних емоцій чи небажаного досвіду; реакція на минулу подію; докласти зусиль; пов'язаний з емоцією; проспективний; динамічна ознака поведінки; стійкість сили; нестача води та кисню; хімічна рівновага; позбавлений необхідних речовин; прагнути задоволення первинних потреб; виконувати функцію виживання та відтворення; сприяти становленню; зазнати невдачі; визначатися потягами; різновиди вподобань; створювати перепони; прагнути рівноваги фізіологічних і когнітивних станів; надходити з різних джерел; зберігати інформацію; не сумісний з правилом; когнітивна узгодженість; суперечливі думки; вийти зі стану дисонансу; споріднений з фізіологічними потребами; стосуватися сфери творчості та само реалізації.

1. Answer the questions on the text:

1. How can motivated behaviour be defined?

2. How does motivated behaviour differ from behaviour that is directly connected to an emotion?

3. What is the role of primary drives of any organism?

4. What is the difference between motives and incentives?

5. What is the reaction of individuals to different situations?

6. When do we deal with the social motivation?

7. In what way do our cognitive processes depend on information?

8. Do Heider's and Festinger's theories have anything in common?

2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:

1. The colonial government could no longer ignore the political... of the local people.

2. Inspired by what she had said, he attacked the problem with renewed....

3. You must... yourself of these old-fashioned ideas.

4. Our research has not shown us anything so far, so there is little... to continue with it.

5. A confrontation was... because they disliked each other so much.

6. His family can... its his history back to the 10^lh century.

7. One sharp remark is enough... him.

8. Once she has... on doing it, you won't get her to change her mind.

9. The climbing of Mount Everest was an outstanding example of human....

10. Your behaviour lacks... — you say one thing and do another!

11. Large price increases could... demands for even larger wage increases.

3. Confirm or deny the following statements. Make use of the following phrases:

That's it! Precisely. Very true. I fully (quite) agree with you. I'm afraid not. You are not quite right, I'm sorry to say it. Far from it.

1. Motivated behaviour is characteristic of human beings only.

2. Motivation is a complicated process.

3. Any motive consists of two components.

4. The environment doesn't influence satisfying our goals and needs.

5. According to Abraham Maslow's theory lower needs take precedence over the higher needs.

4. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:

1. A reason for action, that urges a person to act in a certain way.

2. An important natural human need that must be fulfilled.

3. Balance of the mind, emotions, etc.

4. The one of the three parts of the mind that connects a person to the outside world, because it can think and act; conscious self.

5. Reading or finding the meaning of something difficult or secret, esp. a code.

6. The physical and social conditions in which people live, esp. as they influence their feelings and development.

7. A state of complete agreement (in feelings, ideas, etc.).

8. One's good opinion of one's own worth.

5. Search the text for the derivatives of the following nouns and verbs. Use them in word combinations:

motive, to persist, to fulfil, favour, to vary, to achieve, to deprive, to produce, to differ, to require, to vary, to behave.