The object of translation theory, the problems which the translatology studies

Translation is a mean of interlingual communication. The translator makes possible an exchange of information between the users of different languages by producing in the TL a text, which has an identical communication value with a source text. As a kind of practical activity translation is a set of actions performed by the translator while rendering source text (ST) into another language. Translation as any observable phenomenon is the object of scientific study aimed at understanding its nature, its components and their interaction as well as factors influencing it.

The science of translation is concerning both with theoretical and applied aspects of translation. Theoretical research is to discover what translator is to find out, what objective factors underlie the translator intuition, to describe the ways and methods by which the communicative identity of the communicative value of ST and TT is achieved.

The theory of translation provides the translator with the appropriate tools of the analysis and synthesis, makes aware of what she/he is to look for in the original text, what type of information he must convey in TT and how he should act to achieve that goal. In the final analysis translation remains an art for science, gives the tools but it takes brains, intuition and talent to use the tools accordingly.

The translatology studies the problems:

1) The theory of equivalency aimed at definding semantic relationships between ST and TT.

2) The study of the ST and TT units which can be replaced by each other in the process of translation.

3) The translation process itself, that is the operations required for passing over from ST to TT.

4) Pragmatic aspects of translation.