Change of the parts of sentence in translation

Change of the parts of sentence leads to rearranging its syntactical structure. Similar restructuring also takes place in a number of cases in conversion. For example, in the above phrases the replacement of a noun by a verb led to replacement of the attribute by the adverbial modifier. More profound syntactical restructuring occurs when principal parts of the sentence undergo rearrangement, namely – the subject. This is the case of the so-called conversive transformations when the verb gets transforming into its conversive. As a result the acting doer (subject) is being rendered by a person or thing acted upon (object).

The usage of the above replacements in English-to-Ukrainian translations could be accounted for by the fact that the English subject plays the functions other than those of action subject (say, that of object) more frequently than its Ukrainian counterpart. In the aftermath the subject converts into the object.

Visitors are requested to leave their coats in the cloakroom.

Відвідувачів просять здавати верхній одяг у гардероб.

The last week saw an intensification of diplomatic activity.

Минулого тижня спостерігалася активізація дипломатичної діяльності.

The little town of Clay Cross witnessed a massive demonstration today.

Сьогодні у невеличкому містечку Клей-Кросс відбулася масова демонстрація.

The crash killed 20 people.

Внаслідок катастрофи загинуло 20 чоловік.