Pre-reading (3)

Clauses of Purpose

• (in order) to-infinitive (affirmative purpose)

• so that+can/will-infinitive (affirmative purpose)

• so that+can’t/won’t-infinitive (negative purpose)

Read the following sentences:

• We should stop using cars to reduce air pollution.

• We should stop using cars so that we can reduce air pollution.

• We should stop using cars so that we won’t have polluted cities.

13. Now join the sentences using to or so that:

1 We should stop cutting down trees. Animals won’t lose their natural habitats.

2 We should build wildlife parks. We can protect animals from extinction.

3 We should plant more trees. We will have more oxygen.

4 We should clean up the litter in the cities. We won’t catch diseases from it.

5 We should find clean forms of energy. We can save the planet.

14. Do this exercise in writing.Giving Russian equivalents

a) put nouns as synonyms: assault, mindset, crisis, actions, harm, awareness,

damage, deeds, consciousness;

b) form Past Simple, Past/Present Participles of the verbs: wreak, conduct, refrain

from, insulate, ingrain, affect, override, curb, stem from;

c) express your points of view in writing using the words given above with clauses of purpose.

15. Match the words/phrases from List A with their equivalents in List B:

List A List B

1. tangible resources a. основные формы

2. fossil fuel b. бездумное поведение

3. fuel-efficient c. совместные действия

4. limited processing d. материальные ресурсы

5. cumulative actions e.расхождение

6. nonrenewable f. опасное явление

7. ill-fated trend g. невосполнимый

8. discrepancy h. топливо-сберегающий

9. overriding ways i. твердое топливо