Pre-reading (1)

3. Read these examples, then join the following sentences below in every possible way.

cause/reason

• The workers went on a strike due to/because of/owing to/ on account of bad

working conditions.

• They put the animals into the game parks because/as/since theywere threatened

with extinction by hunters.

result

• It is so dangerous to sunbathe nowadays that people tend to stay in the shade.

• He is such an interesting professor that students crowd his classroom.

• It was raining hard. As a result/Consequently/So/ Therefore, the match was

cancelled.

1 New laws have been introduced to stop factories pollutng the atmosphere,

Pollution is damaging our environment.

2 The ozone layer is getting thinner. More and more people are getting skin

cancer.

3 Tigers may become extinct. Hunters are killing them for their valuable skins,

4 The climate is changing. The Sahara Desert is spreading.

5 Fish are dying. Industrial waste is polluting our seas.

6 Many cosmetic companies have stopped testing their products on animals.

There has been pressure from animal rights groups

4. Do this exercise in writing. Giving Russian equivalents,

a) put nouns as synonyms: threat, extinction, survival, unwanted things, species,

living, animals, crops, danger, waste, destruction, issue, grave, dry weather,

damage, famine, drought, hunger, plants, fumes, gases, question.

b) form Past Simple, Past/Present Participles of the verbs: release, pour, heal,

choke, chop, contaminate, threaten.

c) express your points of view in writing using the words given above with clauses of reason and result.

5. Read the sentences, then listen to the tape and underline the correct word.

1. Rare plant and human/animal species are disappearing.

2. The trees are being cut/chopped down for paper or to make room for cattle farms.

3. Birds and animals lose/miss their homes.

4. Factories are polluting our rivers and lakes with dangerous oils/chemicals.

5. Sea life is threatened with extinction/loss.

6. Cars and factories are giving off dangerous waste/fumes.

7. We can plant trees and adopt/adapt animals.