American money

The American dollar is subdivided into one hundred cents.

The dollars are issued by the Federal Reserve System, established by Congress in 1913.

Here is the text on the face of an American dollar banknote:

• dollars
• Federal Reserve Note
• The United States of America
• this note is legal tender (платежное средство) for all debts public and private
• Washington, D.C.
• Treasurer of the United States
• Secretary of the Treasury.

On the face of American dollars one can also see the portraits of the following famous persons:

• George Washington (1732-1799), the first President of the United States of America, who gave his name to the capital of the country. George Washington became the first President after the successful was of 13 British colonies for independence. After they won the war, they formed 13 states and united to make the United States of America. Thus, Independence was proclaimed on July 4, 1776.

Abraham Lincoln (1809 – 1865) who was President from 1861 to 1865 after the war between the northern and southern states. It was he who proclaimed freedom of slaves of the south.

• There are also portraits of Alexander Hamilton (1755 – 1804), a famous American statesman, who fought in the Independence War together with George Washington. Later he became the first Secretary of the Treasury;
• Andrew Jackson (1767 -1845) who was President of the USA from 1829 to 1837, when Texas won independence from Mexico.
• Ulysses Grant (1822 – 1885) who was President of the USA from 1869 to 1877 when the Centennial Exposition was held in Philadelphia.
• Benjamin Franklin (1706 – 1790) a very popular public figure, writer, diplomat and scientist. It was he who invented bifocal spectacles among many other things.

On the back of banknotes various buildings are features, such as:

• Lincoln Monument, one of the monuments in Washington
• US Treasury Building, in Washington
• White House, house of every President, except George Washington, who only planned the capital of the USA
• US Capitol, which houses the Senate and the House of Representatives
• Independence Hall, in Philadelphia, where Independence of the 13 British colonies was proclaimed.

All the banknotes bear the words: In God We Trust

1. Заполните пропуски по содержанию текстов 11 и 12.

The official ______________of the United Kingdom is the ____________which is ______________to one hundred pence.

Bank of England ___________banknotes and ____________coins.

On the face of English banknotes one can read the _______________________

The ______________________is given both in figures and in _____________

The _____________________on the face of the ______________reads: I promise to pay the ____________________on demand fifty Pounds.

The first _______________is that of the person authorized by the Government and the ________________.

The second signature is that of the _____________________.

Isaac Newton is a well-know English __________________.

Florence Nightingale is the founder of the ________________profession. She ___________ as a nurse to Turkey to take care of the wounded soldiers.

Alexander Hamilton was a famous American __________________who fought in the Independence War.

The _____________________issues dollars.

2. Расскажите, что вам известно об английских банкнотах и английских монетах.

3. Расскажите о русских денежных единицах по плану: