Activity 1. Skim through the text to get an overview of what it comprises. Any Contracting State (State application) or individual claiming to be a victim of a violation of the Convention (individual application) may

Any Contracting State (State application) or individual claiming to be a victim of a violation of the Convention (individual application) may lodge directly with the Court in Strasbourg an application alleging a breach by a Contracting State of one of the Convention rights. A notice for the guidance of applicants and forms for making applications may be obtained from the Registry. The procedure before the new European Court of Human Rights is adversarial and public. Hearings are, in principle, public, unless the Chamber/Grand Chamber decides otherwise on account of exceptional circumstances. Memorials and other documents filed with the Court's Registry by the parties are accessible to the public. Individual applicants may submit applications themselves, but legal representation is recommended, and even required for hearings or after a decision declaring an application admissible. The Council of Europe has set up a legal aid scheme for applicants who do not have sufficient means. The official languages of the Court are English and French, but applications may be drafted in one of the official languages of the Contracting States. Once the application has been declared admissible, one of the Court's official languages must be used, unless the President of the Chamber/Grand Chamber authorises the continued use of the language of the application. Each individual application is assigned to a Section, whose President designates a rapporteur. After a preliminary examination of the case, the rapporteur decides whether it should be dealt with by a three-member Committee or by a Chamber. A Committee may decide, by unanimous vote, to declare inadmissible or strike out an application where it can do so without further examination. Individual applications which are not declared inadmissible by Committees or which are referred directly to a Chamber by the rapporteur and State applications are examined by a Chamber. Chambers determine both admissibility and merits, usually in separate decisions but where appropriate together. Chambers may at any time relinquish jurisdiction in favour of a Grand Chamber where a case raises a serious question of interpretation of the Convention or where there is a risk of departing from existing case-law, unless one of the parties objects to such relinquishment within one month of notification of the intention to relinquish. The first stage of the procedure is generally written, although the Chamber may decide to hold a hearing, in which case issues arising in relation to the merits will normally also be addressed. Chamber decisions on admissibility, which are taken by majority vote, must contain reasons and be made public. Once the Chamber has decided to admit the application, it may invite the parties to submit further evidence and written observations, including any claims for "just satisfaction" by the applicant, and to attend a public hearing on the merits of the case. The President of the Chamber may, in the interests of the proper administration of justice, invite or grant leave to any Contracting State which is not party to the proceedings, or any person concerned who is not the applicant, to submit written comments, and, in exceptional circumstances, to make representations at the hearing. A Contracting State whose national is an applicant in the case is entitled to intervene as of right. During the procedure on the merits, negotiations aimed at securing a friendly settlement may be conducted through the intermediary of the Registrar. The friendly settlement negotiations are confidential. Chambers decide by a majority vote. Any judge who has taken part in the consideration of the case is entitled to append to the judgment a separate opinion, either concurring or dissenting, or a bare statement of dissent. Within three months of delivery of the judgment of a Chamber, any party may request that a case be referred to the Grand Chamber if it raises a serious question of interpretation or application or a serious issue of general importance. Such requests are examined by a Grand Chamber panel of five judges composed of the President of the Court, the Section Presidents, with the exception of the Section President who presides over the Section to which the Chamber that gave judgment belongs, and another judge selected by rotation from judges who were not members of the original Chamber. A Chamber's judgment becomes final at the expiry of the three month period or earlier if the parties announce that they have no intention of requesting a referral or after a decision of the panel rejecting the request for referral to the Grand Chamber. If the panel accepts the request, the Grand Chamber renders its decision on the case in the form of a judgment. The Grand Chamber decides by a majority vote and its judgments are final. All final judgments of the Court are binding on the respondent States concerned. Responsibility for supervising the execution of judgments lies with the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. It is thus for the Committee of Ministers to verify whether States in respect of which a violation of the Convention is found have taken adequate remedial measures to comply with the specific or general obligations arising out the Court's judgments.

claim — стверджувати be a victim — бути потерпілим lodge directly with the Court —подавати безпосередньо до Суду allege a breach by a Contracting State of the Convention rights—стверджувати про порушення Договірною державою прав згідно з Конвенцією adversarial — змагальний unless the Chamber decides otherwise — якщо палата не вирішить інакше on account of exceptional circumstances — внаслідок виняткових обставин documents filed with the Court's Registry by the parties — документи, подані сторонами до канцелярії Суду legal aid — правова допомога sufficient means — достатні кошти     designate a rapporteur — призначати доповідача   by unanimous vote — одностайно strike out an application — вилучати заяву з реєстру справ   where appropriate — де це доцільно   address issues arising in relation to the merits — вирішувати питання, що виникають стосовно суті   submit further evidence — подавати подальші докази claims for "just satisfaction" — вимоги справедливої сатисфакції     intervene as of right — втручатися по праву   through the intermediary of the Registrar — за посередництвом секретаря   append to the judgment — додавати до рішення concurring opinion — окрема думка, що збігається з думкою більшості dissenting opinion —окрема думка, що не збігається з думкою більшості   reject the request for referral to the Grand Chamber — відхиляти вимогу про передання до Великої палати     verify — перевіряти adequate remedial measures — відповідні засоби судового захисту comply with obligations — дотримуватися зобов’язань

Activity 2. Read the text carefully paying attention to the words and phrases in bold. Check your knowledge of the basic vocabulary looking at their Ukrainian equivalents in the margin.

Activity 3. Find in the text the sentences about a) the use of languages in the Court; b) the procedure for the referral of cases to the Grand Chamber.

Activity 4. Complete the sentences choosing the phrase that best fits the sentence:

1. Hearings are public, unless the Chamber/Grand Chamber decides otherwise________________

A) in view of exceptional circumstances;

B) with a view to unusual circumstances;

C) as to exceptional circumstances.

2. Individual applicants may submit applications themselves, but legal representation ______________

A) is not required;

B) is recommended and even required;

C) is not always required.

3. _______________________, any party may request that a case be referred to the Grand Chamber if it raises a serious question of interpretation or application.

A) In two months after the delivery of the judgment of a Chamber;

B) Within two months of delivery of the judgment of a Chamber;

C) Within three months of delivery of the judgment of a Chamber.

4. _______________________, it may invite the parties to submit further evidence and written observations.

A) After the Chamber has decided to admit the application;

B) Once the Chamber has decided to admit the application;

C) If the Chamber will decide to admit the application.

5. Any judge who has taken part in the consideration of the case is entitled to append to the judgment ___________

A) a separate concurring opinion;

B) either concurring or dissenting opinion;

C) a separate dissenting opinion.

Activity 5. Translate the following questions into English and ask your classmates to answer them:

1. Хто може подавати заяви до Європейського суду? 2. У яких випадках слухання не є публічним? 3. Хто і коли призначає суддю-доповідача? 4. Що вирішує суддя-доповідач? 5. Які заяви розглядаються палатою? 6. У яких випадках палата може відмовитися вiд своєї юрисдикції на користь Великої палати? 7. Кому в інтересах належного здійснення правосуддя голова палати може дозволити подати письмові зауваження? 8. Які рішення Суду є обов'язковими для держави-відповідача? 9. У яких випадках будь-яка із сторін може вимагати передання справи на розгляд Великої палати? 10. На кого покладається відповідальність за нагляд за виконанням рішень Суду?