Retell the text in brief оr make your own project on the text

Topic: “The Upper Railroad Track Construction”

Text: The Upper Railroad Track Construction(I)

1.Read and memorize new words and expressions on the text:

track construction

upper

rails

ties

ballast

gauge

switch

sleepers

crashed rock

gravel

to build on a strip of land

right-of-way,

carefully prepared for tracks,

must be cleared than graded,

to lay upon the ballast foundation,

to hold the ties,

methods of railroad building,

railway construction,

to lay in pre-assembled length,

to lay the length of tracks in a few minute,

efficient machines,

track-laying crane.

2.Read and translate the text

The combination of rails, ballast and ties is known as the railroad track. The railroad track is also called the "permanent way".

The distance between the rails is known as the railway gauge now the railways have a 1.524 mm gauge. The mechanism which is used to move the trains from one track to another is called a switch.

The place where the ends form in the track is called a joint.

The rails rest on ties, in England "ties" are called "sleepers". The ties or sleepers are laid on ballast, which is the foundation of the railway track. The best materials for ballast are crashed rock (broken stone) and gravel.