Task 4. Read the text below and translate it

The key properties for describing a petroleum reservoir are porosity, pore saturation, and permeability. Porosity refers to the capacity of the reservoir to hold fluids. It is basically the interstices, or pores, present within the reservoir rock. Typical porosities of oil reservoirs are of the order of 20%. While porosity represents the maximum capacity of a reservoir to hold fluids, pore saturation quantifies how much of this available capacity actually does contain fluids. For example, if a reservoir is 50% saturated with oil, this means that half of the available pore space in the reservoir actually contains oil. Permeability is a factor that quantifies how hard or how easy it is for the fluid to flow through the reservoir to the oil producing well; the greater the permeability, the easier the fluid flows.

Task 5. Webquest. Use the Internet, research one of the topics below and be ready to report back to the group.

1. Petroleum History

2. Petroleum Composition

3. Choose your own topic

Reserves

Task 1. Scan the text below for the highlighted words and create a mini-glossary[11] on the topic «Reserves».

Reserves are those quantities of petroleum which are anticipated to be commercially recovered from known accumulations from a given date forward. All reserve estimates involve some degree of uncertainty. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability.

Task 2. Read the text and choose the best answer.

1. Reserves are….

d) technically and economically recoverable oil and gas

e) the amount of petroleum which are anticipated to be commercially recovered

f) both.

2. All reserve estimates involve

a) some degree of uncertainty

b) some degree

c) some degree of certainty

3. Reserves can be classified as

a) proved and unproved.

e) proved and probable.

f) reliable and probable.

4. Unproved reserves may be sub-divided into

a) recovered and proved

b) probable and possible

c) sub-classified and probable

Task 3. Read the text «Reserves Estimation» and translate it.