Task 10. Read and the choose the correct form

I hope all is well with you. Attached is our Abstract which I would like (1) that you / you to read and revise. It is actually 50 words over the limit required by the conference organizers, so I would recommend (2) to you to / that you remove any redundancy. The editor will expect (3) us to / that we provide the sources for all our materials, so we obviously need to add these. Also attached is our proposal for the request for funding. I suggest (4) us to / that we forward it to the Research Unit in Madrid. They will probably want (5) that we / us to phone them to discuss it. I would prefer (6) that we / us to use Skype if that is OK with you. I seem to remember that they suggested (7) us to call / calling early next week. If there is anything that you want (8) me to / that I do, feel free to let me know.

Task 11. Read the passage from “The Craft of Scientific Presentations” written by M. Alley and decide on the best word.

Perhaps, … (1) important advantage of a presentation is that a presentation offers … (2) on stage … (3) questions for the audience. Answers to questions can provide the audience … (4) with more depth about an aspect of the topic and with … (5) information outside the topic’s original scope. In a document, the author imagines the audience and, based … (6) that imagination, presents the topics … (7) he or she thinks that audience needs at the levels that the audience needs. In a presentation, though, the audience can …(8) revise the … (9) presentation by … (10) more depth or a … (11) scope.

One disadvantage of presentations … (12) in relation to documents is that while you have the opportunity … (13) a document or Web page, you have only one chance to say things correctly in a presentation.

(The Craft of Scientific Presentations)

	A most	B the most	C more	D the more
	A some	B anyone	C someone	D something
	A answer	B to answered	C to answering	D to answer
	A and	B both	C as well as	D or
	A additional	B addition	C additive	D add
	A upon	B at	C on	D in
	A that	B what	C than	D which
	A essentiall	B essential	C essence	D essentially
	A originality	B original	C origin	D originally
	A request	B requesting	C requested	D requesten
	A broader	B more broad	C broad	D more broader
	A relation	B in relation	C at relation	D to relation
	A to revise	B revise	C to revising	D revised

Task 12. Student A, read the information about advantages of making a presentation. Student B, read the information about disadvantages of making a presentation. Rewrite the italicized sentences as bullet points.

Student A

A second advantage of making a presentation is that a presentation allows the speaker the opportunity to observe the reactions of the audience and revise the presentation on the spot for that audience.

A third advantage of making a presentation is that a presentation offers more ways of emphasizing key points than a document does. In a document, an author can emphasize key points with repetition and placement. In a presentation, though, the presenter has all those options and one more: delivery. For instance, a speaker can pause before an important point. Also, a speaker can speak more loudly or reduce the voice to a whisper. Moreover, a speaker can provide additional emphasis by gesturing or moving closer to the audience.

So far, the advantages of a presentation have centered on the speaker’s interaction with the audience. A different type of advantage of making a presentation concerns the visuals aids that one can use in a presentation. Essentially, a document is limited to an illustration that fits on a page. However, a presentation can incorporate not only the still images of a document, but also the sequential images of a film. Moreover, a presentation can incorporate color into those images more easily and less expensively than a document can. In addition, the presenter can include demonstrations.

A fifth advantage of a presentation is of a legal nature. With some presentations, such as the evacuation procedures for a tall building, the presenter might want to ensure that the audience has witnessed the information. For this example presentation, the presenter can have the audience sign in when entering the room. This arrangement has advantages over a document, which might lie unopened.

Student B

A second disadvantage of a presentation is that the audience has no chance to look up background information. If in a presentation the speaker uses an unfamiliar word, such as “remanence,” and does not define the word,

then the audience is stuck. If the presentation’s format does not allow for questions until the presentation’s end, then members of the audience sit frustrated wondering what “remanence” means. With a document or Web page, though, the reader has the chance to look up “remanence” (which is the residual magnetic flux density in a substancewhen the magnetic field strength returns to zero).

Yet a third disadvantage of a presentation is that the audience is captive to the pace of the speaker. Unlike the pace of a document, in which an audience can read as slowly as is needed for understanding, the pace of a presentation is determined by the speaker.

The fourth disadvantage, which can be an advantage depending upon the speaker, is that the success of the presentation depends upon the delivery of the speaker. If the speaker is so nervous or befuddled that he or she cannot communicate the ideas to the audience, the presentation will not succeed. Delivery can cause a big swing in the perception of a presentation.

A final disadvantage of presentations is one of timing: how to gather everyone at a particular time to attend the presentation. Granted, teleconferencing can overcome this problem, but not everyone can afford this solution. Videotaping is a less expensive alternative, but videotaping loses one of the main advantages of presentations, namely, the interaction with the audience. Another issue with timing is the attention span of the audience. Although some people can listen attentively for more than one hour, many people become tired and restless after only twenty minutes.