Text D. Andreas Vesalius

Andreas Vesalius (1514-1563) is one of the greatest anatomists. He studied medicine in France. In 1537 he got the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In 1538 his first scientific works in Anatomy were published. In 1543 his most important book “On the Structure of the Human Body” was written.

His work “On the Structure of the Human Body” consists of seven books. The bones of the skeleton, the joints and the cartilages were described in the first book; the muscles - in the second; the vessels – in the third; the nerves – in the fourth; the alimentary tract – in the fifth; the heart and the respiratory system – in the sixth; the brain – in the seventh.

In all his works Vesalius studied the anatomy of the human body on corpses. He studied the structure of the inner organs of the human body taking into consideration (принимать во внимание) their functions. Vesalius was the first scientist to give a proper description of the human skeleton. He also determined that the right and the left ventricles of the heart were not connected. He determined that there were no opening in the septum between the left and the right heart chambers. It was a great discovery. Before Vesalius all the scientists considered that the left and the right heart chambers were connected by the opening in the septum. His discovery opened the way to the discovery of the pulmonary and systemic blood circulations in future. Vesalius did much to establish new and exact anatomical terms.

The great Russian scientist Pavlov said that the works written by Vesalius composed the first anatomy of the human body in which everything was based on scientific research work.

X. Find in the text D the sentences with the sequence of tenses, read and translate them:

XI. Translate the following sentences:

1. Он сказал, что ему нравится анатомия.

2. Мы знали, что учиться в медицинском университете очень сложно.

3. Пациент сказал, что чувствует себя лучше.

4. Я думал, что ты не знаешь об этом.

5. Врач был уверен, что назначенное лечение может помочь пациенту.

XII. Answer the questions:

1. What do you know about the most important book by Andreas Vesalius?

2. What discoveries did Andreas Vesalius make?

3. What did the discovery made by Vesalius open the way to?