Greenpeace Russia

Greenpeace is an independent campaigning organization that uses non-violent, creative confrontation to expose global environmental problems and to force solutions, which are essential to a green and peaceful future.

In Russia Greenpeace campaigns:

* to save the last remaining sports of intact nature;

* to confront nuclear danger;

* to eliminate threats of chemical and genetic contamination;

* to save forests and Lake Baikal.

History

In July 1989 the Deputy Chairman of the USSR Supreme Soviet Environmental Committee, Alexy Yablokov, formally announced the establishment of Greenpeace USSR as the first independent organization in the Soviet Union.

By October 1989 a staff of 10 people - three Westerners and seven Soviets - were established in a Moscow office.

Greenpeace took the view that its priorities should be to provide information for public and government officials and to offer positive solutions to specific environmental problems in the region. The organization would thus act as a catalyst for change within the general framework of perestroyka.

There were many problems to overcome before Greenpeace could begin to operate effectively. In March 1990 a legal entity with its own byelaws and rights was approved by the Moscow City Council, but the organization's work was halted, due to lack of office space. The Moscow office was set the task of consolidating Greenpeace structure in the USSR by developing a network of reliable and appropriate local NGO groups to provide information and support. The first international Greenpeace meeting in Russia took place in July 1990, at a summer camp held at Pereslavl-Zalessky, 120 kilometres (75 miles) north of Moscow. The 54 children present chose one issue with global consequences - factory emissions - as the basis for a local action in the future. Entitled the "International Strategy and Action Plan", this blueprint was published and distributed around the world. The children also produced a newsletter describing their experiences at the camp called "The Whole World in our Hands".

On September 26 1990, the MV Greenpeace set sail from Tromso in Norway for the two Soviet islands of Novaya Zemlya, in the Barents Sea to oppose the resumption of nuclear testing there.

In 1992 the organization was officially registered as ‘Greenpeace Russia’.

In 2001 a branch of Greenpeace Russia was opened in Saint Petersburg.

Greenpeace Russia has 15 thousand supporters.

2. Find on the Internet some more information about ecological organizations. Retell it.

Appendices

ANIMAL COLLECTIVES

Band of gorillas Kindle/kendle of kittens

Bed of clams, oysters Knot of toads

Brace of sucks Leap of leopards

Brood of chicks Leash of greyhounds

Cast of hawks Litter of pigs

Cete of badgers Mob of kangaroos

Charm of goldfinches Murder of crowds

Chattering of choughs Muster of peacocks

Cloud of gnats Mute of hounds

Clowder of cats Nest of vipers

Clutch of chicks Nest, nide of pheasants

Clutter of cats Pack of hounds, wolves

Colony of ants Pair of horses

Congregation of plovers Pod of whales, seals

Covey of quail, partridge Pride of lions

Crash of rhinoceri School of fish

Cry of hounds Sedge/siege of cranes

Down of hares Shoal of fish, pilchards

Drift of swine Skeing of gees

Drove of cattle, sheep Skulk of foxes

Exaltation of larks Sleuth of bears

Flight of birds Sounder of boars, swine

Flock of sheep, geese Span of mules

Gaggle of geese Spring of teals

Gam of whales Swarm of bees

Gang of elks Team of ducks, horses

Grist of bees Tribe/trip of goats

Grist of monkeys Troop of kangaroos

Herd of elephants Volery of birds

Horde of gnats Watch of nightingales

Husk of hares Wing of plovers

Yoke of oxen

NAMES OF YOUNG ANIMALS

Bunny: rabbit

Calf: cattle, elephant, antelope, rhino, hippo, whale, etc.

Cheeper: grouse, partridge, quail

Chick, chicken: fowl

Cockerel: rooster

Codling, sprag: codfish

Colt: horse (male)

Cub: lion, bear, shark, fox, etc.

Cygnet: swan

Duckling: duck

Eaglet: eagle

Elver: eel

Eyas: hawks, etc.

Fawn: deer

Filly: horse (female)

Fingerling: fish generally

Flapper: wild fowl

Fledgling: birds generally

Foal: horse, zebra, etc.

Fry: fish generally

Gosling: goose

Heifer: cow

Joey: kangaroo, etc.

Kid: goat

Kit: fox, beaver, rabbit, cat

Kitten, kitty, catling: cats, other fur-beavers

Lamb, lambkin, cosset, hog: sheep

Leveret: hare

Nestling: birds generally

Owlet: owl

Parr, smolt, grilse: salmon

Piglet, shoat, farrow, suckling: pig

Polliwog, tadpole: frog

Poult: turkey

Pullet: hen

Pup: dog, seal, sea lion, fox

Puss, pussy: cat

Spike, blinker, tinker: mackerel

Squab: pigeon

Squeaker: pigeon, etc.

Whelp: dog, tiger, beasts of prey

Yearling: cattle, sheep, horse, etc.

ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND DOCUMENTS

Animal Liberation Front (ALF) British radical movement which uses terrorism against the fur industry, animal physiology labs at universities and hospitals, and against butcher shops.

Animal Rights Activists Radical movement that urges a ban on all trappings.

Animal Welfare Organizations Any organization concerned about humane treatment of animals; are willing to work with governments to conduct animal control programs.

Bide-a-Wee Home Association for Animals, New York A no-kill pet shelter that actively seeks to place its wards to new homes.

Carbon Energy Fund, the. A non-profit organization established by UES to handle Kyoto implementation.

Caring for the Earth – a Strategy for Sustainable Living Document from 1991 prepared by IUCN, UNEP and WWF. An update of the WCS from 1980. The 1991 document states that the three objectives of the WCS have become clearer, and the need to act has become more pressing. (Забота о Земле – Стратегия устойчивого существования).

CFC chlorofluorocarbon One of a range of chemically inert compounds in which chlorinated hydrocarbon is treated with hydrogen fluoride; it has negative effect on the ozone layer.

European Environmental Bureau (EEB) Umbrella organization for more than 60 environmental organizations within the EU. In summer of 1993 the EEB announced the withdrawal of its environmental honorary prize to Mrs. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway, because of Norway’s whaling policy.

Elks, Protective Order of. Benevolent society founded by 15 actors and entertainers in New York in 1868. emphasis on social activities in pleasant club facilities combined with patriotic and benevolent activities provides college scholarships, grants to charity (home therapy for children with cerebral palsy, hospitals for handicapped, summer camps. Headquarted in Chicago.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Established in 1970. Federal agency under the executive branch. It was created to reduce and control pollution by a variety of research monitoring, and enforcement activities. It coordinates and supports research and anti-pollution activities by state and local governments, private and public groups, individuals and educational institutions.

Endangered Species Act, the (ESA) Was passed in 1973. The U.S. was awakening to the mounting environmental threats, such as rapid population growth, excessive development, and unsustainable exploitation of natural resources.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Fish and Wildlife Service A federal US agency responsible for preservation and maintenance of non-domestic animals.

Forest Service A federal US agency responsible for the maintenance and preservation of the country’s public lands and national forests.

Friends of the Earth (FoE) Established in 1971. An environmentalist organization whose aims are similar to those of the more famous Greenpeace. It is one of the British pressure groups with international reputation. Its activists include consultancy work abroad, the mobilization of grass-roots activities and campaigns by volunteers, the provision of information to the general public, other experts, and the Government, and political lobbing. It operates in 44 countries worldwide. 38 international group-members, 250 local groups in the UK. It is headquartered in Amsterdam.

GFDL, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL – NOAA’s)

Green consumerism A product is advertised as ecologically clean thus attracting more customers. Not all meet the requirements of ecologically clean technologies.

Green marketing Producing and selling products that appeal to the environmental conscience, recyclables, discount on return the bag.

Green movement Social movement all over the Western world whose prime concern is with ecological issues (preservation of wildlife, concern over pollution, etc.)

Greenpeace An international organization, whose members work actively to protect the environment from damage caused by industrial processes or military activities. It is known especially for its own boats to try to prevent governments from testing nuclear weapons, to prevent companies from pouring poisonous chemicals into the sea, and to try to save whales and other sea animals from being killed. However, some of the methods they use are controversial.

Hartsdale Canine Cemetery (The) The oldest pet cemetery in the USA. “We find that most of the people who come here are average. The thought of throwing their pet in the garbage can is not acceptable to them” (Edward Martin, co-director of Hartsdale Canine Cemetery).

International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling Adopted in 1946, in force 1948.

International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) Founded in 1969, an animal rights organization with more than 500,000 members. The goal is to stop any, also indigenous People’s usage, of wild living animals.

International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, the (ICES) Founded 1902, the highest goals are to be consistent with the maintenance of fish stocks.

IUCN Red Data Book The authoritative international register of threatened species. It has developed a system where threatened species are categorized as Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare, Indeterminate, Insufficiently Known, Out of danger.

IUCN World Conservation Union Fomerly International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, founded in 1948, it comprises governments, research institutes and conservation agencies in over 120 countries. The objective is to promote and encourage the protection and sustainable utilization of living resources.

Lynx British animal rights organization.

Million Friends Created March 31, 1999 under the initiative of a well-known editor and journalist, doctor of philosophy, correspondent member of the Russian Academy of Natural sciences Mr. Alexander L. Romanovich. The organization united advocates wild nature and pet animals, veterinary doctors, hunters, etc.

National Park Service Established in 1916. Federal agency maintains an extensive system of national parks, monuments, historic sites, and recreation areas.