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The Process of Management



The process of management consists of certain basic management functions such as: planning, organizing and controlling, linked together by leading. Planning determines what results the organization will achieve; organizing specifies how it will achieve the results; and controlling determines whether the results are achieved. Throughout planning, organizing and controlling, managers exercise leadership.

The planning function is the capstone activity of management. Planning activities determine an organization’s objectives and establish the appropriate strategies for achieving those objectives. The organizing, leading and controlling functions all derive from planning in that these functions carry out the planning decisions.

After managers develop objectives and plans to achieve the objectives, they must design and develop an organization that will be able to accomplish the objectives. Thus, the purpose of the organizing function is to create a structure of task and authority relationships that serves this purpose.

Once objectives have been developed and the organizational structure has been designed and staffed, the next step is to begin to move the organization toward the objectives. The leading function serves this purpose. Sometimes called directing or motivating, leading involves influencing the members of the organization to perform in that accomplish the organization’s objectives.

Finally, a manager must make sure that the actual performance of the organization conforms to the performance that was planned for the organization. This is the controlling function of management, and it requires three elements: established standards of performance, information that indicates deviations between actual performance and the established standards, and action to correct performance that does not meet the standards. Simply speaking, the purpose of management control is to make sure the organization stays on the path that was planned for it.





Дата публикования: 2015-02-18; Прочитано: 754 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!



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