Read and translate these dialogues. Answer the following questions

1. What is the difference between weather and climate?

2. What facts suggest that climates have been constantly changing?

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A: What nasty weather we are having this summer.

B: Yes, indeed. Is it often so cool and damp here as it is this summer?

A: I wouldn't say so. The climate here is rather healthy. The winters are not very cold and the summers are warm and dry.

B: By the way, what is the difference between weather and climate?

A: Well, I'll try to explain it. If we speak about "weather", we mean the conditions of the atmosphere at any given moment. Weather can be cloudy, sunny, damp, dry, warm, hot, cool, windy and so on. These conditions can be change frequently. "Climate" can be defined as the average weather over a long period of time.

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A: Climates in the past haven't been as they are today, have they?

B: Certainly, not. There's much evidence that climates have been constantly changing. Coal and some other deposits in such northern regions as Greenland and Spitsbergen were certainly formed in hot climates.

On the other hand, in India, South Africa and Australia there are signs of former glacial conditions.

A: Do these facts suggest that continents have wandered?

В: If continents haven't, the poles have done so. That is to say, the positions of the North and South Poles and the Equator have been different at different times.