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Applied grammar. (seegrammar reference § 8)
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(see GRAMMAR REFERENCE § 8)
Task 14. Transform the following sentences using Participial phrases instead of the subordinate clauses according to the models:
A. Most of employers who work in human resource department are head hunters. – Most of employers working in human resource department are head hunters.
1. A manager who works in the sales department sells the products of our plant. 2. An organisation which knows its goals and objectives perfectly well is successful. 3. Managers who work at different organisational levels have different functions and skills. 4. A supervisor, who performs many of the specific activities, is a person responsible for production of goods and services. 5. First-line managers who work in all departments of all organisations are supervised by middle managers. 6. Middle managers who are responsible for finding the best way to organise human and other resources supervise the first-line managers. 7. Middle managers who find ways to help first-line managers better utilise resources are responsible for business improvement. 8. Middle managers who develop and fine-tune skills and know-how allow the organisation to be effective and efficient. 9. Top managers who are responsible for the performance of all departments supervise middle managers. 10. Top managers who establish organisational goals monitor how well middle managers in each department utilise resources to achieve goals.
B. Managers who are working in financial department are analysing financial contracts. – Managers working in financial department are analysing financial contracts.
1. Top managers who are reporting to the chief executive officer have gathered in the meeting room. 2. The department heads who are helping to achieve organisational goals report to the chief executive officer regularly. 3. Managers who are acquiring and developing critical resources typically are members of specific departments. 4. He calls on the engineer who is repairing his computer. 5. The man who is sitting in the meeting room is a famous financial analyst. 6. The employees who are working in our department are perfect specialists in business research. 7. Consumers who are visiting exhibitions are acquainted with a great range of goods and services. 8. Many people who are looking for a job send their resumes to hundreds of companies. 9. Suppliers who are working in our market offer similar goods for different prices. 10. The person who is carrying out this task is very responsible.
Task 15. Rewrite the following sentences using Participial phrases instead of the subordinate clauses according to the models:
A. When he read the report, he found a lot of errors. – When reading the report, he found a lot of errors.
1. When he prepared the presentation, he did not take into account technical strengths of the product. 2. When they studied at the university, they participated in different specialised conferences and seminars. 3. When he coordinated people, he forgot about motivation as one of the most important factors in management. 4. When we developed a new strategy, we kept in mind the results of the market research. 5. When the top-manager had a speech, he analysed our strengths and weaknesses very thoroughly. 6. When our team discussed the situation, we found the way out. 7. When I was waiting for you, I read an interesting article about management information systems. 8. When he conducted the presentation he used many business words and word-combinations unknown to audience. 9. When he wrote his e-mail, he missed the important information. 10. When managers performed their organisational roles, they asked for feedback.
B. When he discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract. – Having discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract.
1. After he acquired his professional skills through education and training, he chose the job which suited him most of all. 2. When they understood the viewpoints of their subordinates, they solved the problems. 3. As he got thorough and direct feedback, he could develop his human skills. 4. After he studied the restaurant manager duties, he found that he needed cooking skills. 5. When we studied management, we understood that we need three kinds of skills – conceptual, human and technical. 6. After he failed his business, he understood that he did not know how to manage the venture successfully. 7. After he lost his job, he decided to get the second higher education. 8. As I developed this project, I knew all its peculiarities. 9. After they received the new collection, they sold it during one month. 10. When he studied the latest educational contributions, he helped the subordinates to develop their conceptual, human and technical skills.
C. Our office is situated in the building, which was built last year. – Our office is situated in the building built last year.
1. We used the information, which was sent by our partners. 2. We got the reports, which were prepared by our branch offices. 3. The goods which are exhibited in this room are produced at our plant. 4. The decision which is made by our middle managers is supported by top-managers. 5. The advertising campaign which is developed by the competitors is a challenge for us. 6. The language which was used during the presentation was understood by everybody. 7. You can improve your interpersonal skills which are used in team-building by improving your communication skills. 8. Professional training and consultancy skills which are utilised by managers are necessary in order to act as a team leader. 9. Meetings which are led by immediate supervisors or managers are primarily for information sharing not decision making. 10. An agenda for a team meeting, which is held every week should include several points.
Task 16. Replace one of the Predicates by Participle I according to the model:
The supervisor generated all the information and adapted it. – The supervisor generated all the information adapting it.
1. They held the meeting and kept to the agenda and timing. 2. The supervisor read out the information and provided time for comments and discussion. 3. He visited a workplace and provided face-to-face communication. 4. He involved employers into communication and did not make irrelevant comments. 5. He was able to facilitate the discussion and deal with participants. 6. He constantly evaluates people from his own point of view and irritates them. 7. They develop ideas and integrate them into a final solution. 8. It is important to use questioning techniques and get members of the team to stick to the points of the discussion. 9. The manager structures his presentation and uses different kinds of graphics and tables. 10. It is impossible to lay down hard and fast rules and guarantee a relaxed and clear presentation which will hold the audience. 11. The manager expressed many interesting ideas and used visual aids in his presentation. 12. He turned over the pages of the report and tried to find a mistake. 13. During negotiations he makes direct eye contact with each person and avoids making eye contact with only some learners and not others. 14. We expressed dissatisfaction with the current state and involved the team in developing the link between the ideal and the present. 15. As the team leader he listed the benefits of the team and presented them to his subordinates.
Task 17. Transform the following complex sentences into simple ones using the Objective Participial Complex according to the model:
I saw them as they were planning the change and how they were moving from the present to the ideal. – I saw them planning the change and moving from the present to the ideal.
1. I saw them as they were involving the team in planning. 2. I saw them as they were communicating the plan to everybody. 3. We observed him as he was making changes to the plan. 4. I saw as the team was celebrating their success. 5. I saw the manager as he was showing empathy and caring about people. 6. We observed as the team was reviewing progress of the plan. 7. He saw as the colleagues were achieving the desired final result. 8. I saw as the top-managers were developing standard operating procedures to ensure that new skills and behaviour are constant. 9. I saw the subordinates as they were communicating their achievements. 10. I saw as the manager was training employees to improve their skills and upgrade experience. 11. We observed as the trainer was playing the role of a participant during the workshop. 12. She watched as the team members were sharing their experience and opinions. 13. They watched as we were learning during presentations, seminars, open trainings and workshops. 14. I saw as they were conducting adult training. 15. I saw as they were providing the technical assistance to the new employees.
Task 18. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Objective Participial Complex according to the model:
His friend prepared a report for him. – He had his report prepared.
1. The manager developed our project. 2. The department analyzed our customers’ needs. 3. His defined our advantages. 4. The director identified his current and desired abilities. 5. The trainer clarified their individualised style of learning. 6. They assessed his knowledge and skills. 7. They considered the personal characteristics of the employees. 8. The instructor reviewed her training requirements. 9. His colleague gathered necessary information for him. 10. Their partner created a new concept of the product for them. 11. The presenter gave several pieces of advice to them. 12. The middle-manager explained possibilities of career development in the company for them. 13. He described the main points for them. 14. The engineer repaired the computer for her. 15. She clarified course objectives and training methodology for them.
Task 19. Transform the following complex sentences into simple ones using the Absolute Participial Complex according to the models:
A. As my colleague was on a business trip, I prepared the financial report. – My colleague being on a business trip, I prepared the financial report.
1. As they established the schedule, she developed the presentation materials. 2. As they identified his objectives, he planned his career. 3. As we clarified the main points of agenda, our team achieved its objectives. 4. As he paid special attention to timing demands of the audience, his presentation was perfect. 5. As he planned their arrival, we could meet them at the railway station. 6. As he was able to work at night, his job was ready before the following morning. 7. As he specified who the workshop was intended for, we sent invitations only to our partners. 8. As his director authorised employees’ participation he could organise the conference. 9. As he announced the dates of meetings in advance, everybody was able to come. 10. As he allocated time for coffee breaks, nobody was tired.
B. As his partner had prepared the report, they went home. – His partner having prepared the report, they went home.
1. As the manager had pointed out the pros and cons of our activity, we could improve it. 2. As the manager had prepared the budget of the project, we took into account all the expenditures. 3. As my subordinate had prepared the presentation materials, we supplied everybody with hand-outs. 4. As we had used slides, the presentation was a success. 5. As we had planned everything in advance, he produced materials efficiently. 6. As he had visited exhibition, we asked him about innovative technologies. 7. When the conference had ended, the participants went home. 8. As my partner had bought the tickets in advance, we came to the railway station just before the departure. 9. After the advertising campaign had ended, we managed to sell all the stocks of finished products. 10. When the student had finished writing his report, the supervisor started looking it through.
C. When the work had been done, they phoned to the office. – The work having been done, they phoned to the office.
1. When the questions had been answered, the visitors got all the necessary information. 2. As his behaviour had been changed, they gave him a positive feedback. 3. As people had been affected by the news, we did not know how to react. 4. As the goals had been determined, he wanted to match his work to them. 5. As they had been known as reliable partners, we delivered the goods without prepayment. 6. As the surveys had been conducted, the researcher could prepare his report. 7. As judgment had been made, we could not change the situation. 8. As the consumers had been motivated, we managed to sell our new services successfully. 9. As the situation had been analyzed, we could find the solution of the problem. 10. As the employees had been divided into small groups, we could solve a study case.
Task 20. Translate the sentences into English using Participles:
1. Ми спостерігали, як він розвивав свої професійні навички та вміння. 2. Я бачив, як вони обговорювали проблему. 3. Вони чули, як їхній менеджер розмовляв англійською мовою. 4. Ми бачили, як він сідав у машину. 5. Я бачив, як він відправляв електронну пошту. 6. Ми помітили, як він розмовляв з клієнтом. 7. Працівники бачили, як поламалась техніка. 8. Їй підготували всі документи. 9. Їм відправили товари вчасно. 10. Тобі полагодили комп’ютер? 11. Нам купили квитки на літак. 12. Він спостерігав, як руйнувалися його плани. 13. Я чув, що вони працювали понаднормово. 14. Я помітила, як він передавав конфіденційну інформацію. 15. Йому підписали всі необхідні документи. 16. Ми спостерігали, як він працював. 17. Їй надали кредит. 18. Він спостерігав, як я писала звіт. 19. Я бачила, що він робив дослідження ринку. 20. Ми помітили, що їхня компанія розширилася. 21. Оскільки ми не доставили продукцію вчасно, нам було дуже незручно. 22. Оскільки директор був у відрядженні, його заступник прийняв рішення. 23. Оскільки ми підготували цікавий семінар, більшість працівників виявили взяти участь у ньому. 24. Оскільки було вже пізно, я не зміг поговорити з клієнтом. 25. Коли звіт був написаний, я віддав його менеджеру. 26. Коли повернувся директор, усі зібралися на нараду. 27. Коли ми завершили проект, ми розпочали новий. 28. Коли робочий день закінчився, всі пішли додому. 29. Оскільки він спланував свою поїздку, він не міг залишитися ще на один день. 30. Оскільки робота була виконана вчасно, ми отримали винагороду. 31. Оскільки дата відвантаження була визначена, наші клієнти могли здійснювати оплату. 32. Оскільки робота була пов’язана із продажем, він потребував практичних навичок та вмінь. 33. Оскільки цілі та завдання були чітко визначені, ми успішно впоралися з ними. 34. Коли освіта була здобута, він зміг одержати посаду керівника відділу маркетингу. 35. Коли кзросли прибутки компанії, він почав отримувати вищу зарплату. 36. Коли комп’ютери були відремонтовані, він продовжив свою роботу. 37. Коли світло зникло, він змушений був піти додому. 38. Коли його підвищили, він прийняв рішення проводити семінари щомісяця. 39. Коли проект було завершено, вона повідомила керівництво про результати. 40. Оскільки вони розширили асортимент продукції, було необхідно додатково працювати з клієнтами.
Дата публикования: 2015-01-13; Прочитано: 463 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!
