Text A. Meat and meat products

The flesh from the cattle over 6 months of age is beef and from younger cattle is veal. Beef is a nutritious food having approximately 25% protein and rich in essential acids, B vitamins, and minerals.

The primary products of swine are pork, lard, hides, and innumerable by-products. Pork is more successfully cured and stored than any other meats.

Fresh red meats are refrigerated. Cured meats such as ham, bacon, and sausage contain chemical preservatives (salt, nitrate, nitrite) but are, in addition, heat processed and stored under refrigeration. Fresh and cured meats are also canned. With severe heat processing a shelf-stable product is produced. In certain products stability is achieved in part through other processes: fermentation, drying, smoking and impregnation with vinegar.

The manufacture of meat products includes those processes which prepare the product for consumption and increase the stability, improve the texture, colour and appearance of various meat items. Various processes are employed depending upon the desired result. Various enzymatic agents and other additives are often used.

III. Complete the sentences with a suitable word:

1.... is the flesh of the cattle. 2. The flesh of young cattle is called.... 3. Swine gives us... and.... 4. Pork is successfully...

and.... 5. Chemical preservatives are contained in...,........ 6.

Fresh and... meats can be also.... 7....,...,... are used to get stable products. 8. The manufacture of meat products improves...,...,, increases..

1) cured, canned; 2) beef; 3) bacon, ham, sausages; 4) pork, lard; 5) drying, fermentation, smoking; 6) texture, flavour, appearance, stability, 7) veal; 8) cured, stored

IV. Answer the questions given below:

1. What is beef? 2. What is veal? 3. What is beef rich in? 4. What are the primary products of swine? 5. What is stored and cured better, pork of beef? 6. How are cured meats stored? 7. What meats can be canned? 8. What processes are used for the manufacture of meat products?

V. Read and translate the text B: