VOCABULARY. owe быть обязанным incur навлечь на себя origin происхождение reprisals репрессалии absentee landlord

owe	быть обязанным	incur	навлечь на себя
origin	происхождение	reprisals	репрессалии
absentee landlord	землевладелец, живущий вне своего имения	eliminate	уничтожать
estate	имение	henceforth	с этого времени
ruffian	головорез, бандит	refine	очищать, повышать качество
extort	вымогать	heroin	героин
omerta	круговая порука	enormous	громадный
justice	правосудие	spark	побуждать
crime detection	раскрытие преступления	various	различный
avenge	отомстить	spate	поток
wrong	зло

► Ex. II. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1) The Mafia governs many legal activities. 2) The Mafia came into existence in Sicily. 3) The Mafia dedicated itself to charities. 4) The Mafia was employed by absentee landlords to protect their landed estates from flying insects. 5) The Mafia became the sole law in Sicily. 6) The Mafia usually applied for justice to the legal authorities. 7) The Mafia usually facilitated in the detection of crimes. 8) The Mafia's members usually broke the code of silence. 9) Mussolini acquitted thousands of suspected mafiosi sentenced to long jail terms. 10) The Mafia's activities were not directed to business. 11) The Mafia's practice was not addressed to extortion and smuggling. 12) The Mafia wasn't engaged in the transportation of heroin.

► Ex. III. Restore the word order in the following statements.

1) Mafia is organised group a large of criminals. 2) Mafia many illegal activities controls. 3) The Mafia's moral on the obligation never to apply for justice to the legal code was based authorities. 4) The Mafia's moral code was based on the in the detection of crimes obligation never to assist. 5) The right to avenge wrongs for the victims was reserved. 6) To was break the code of silence to incur reprisals from the Mafia. 7) The Mafia's activities to business and construction were directed. 8) The Mafia's activities to extortion and smuggling were directed. 9) The Mafia's activities for the US were directed to the transportation of heroin.

► Ex. IV. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.

Посвятивший себя; свергнуть; иностранный завоеватель; нанимать; защищать; бандит; энергичный; мощный; организованный; преступник; противозаконная деятельность; принимать имя; возникать; секретная организация; обстоятельства; обращаться к; быть обязанным; землевладелец, живущий вне своего имения; головорез; вымогать; круговая порука; правосудие; раскрытие преступления; отомстить; зло; навлечь на себя; репрессалии; уничтожать; с этого времени; очищать; громадный; побуждать; различный; единственный; в обмен на; нравственные нормы; обязательство; поток.

► Ex. V. Complete the following statements.

1) Mafia is... 2) In the United States, the Mafia adopted... 3) The Mafia arose in... 4) The Mafia began as... 5) The Mafia owed... and drew... 6) The Mafia became... 7) The Mafia extorted... 8) The Mafia's moral code was based on... 9) The right to avenge wrongs was reserved for... 10) To break the code of silence was... 11) By 1900 the Mafia controlled... 12) Benito Mussolini came close to... 13) The Mafia's activities were directed to... 14) The Mafia in Palermo became... 15) The Mafia's profits sparked...

► Ex. VI. Choose one topic to speak about Mafia:

a) its origins and its members;

b) its moral code;

c) its activities;

d) its relation with Mussolini and the American occupation authorities.

Retell the text “Mafia”.