Unit 3. The physiology of the nervous system

Запомните:

Суффикс -ness образует существительное от прилагательного.

I. Прочтите и переведите следующие слова:

redness, weakness, tiredness, readiness, sleeplessness, breathlessness, thickness

II. Назовите причастие II (III форма глагола) от следующих инфинитивов и переведите их:

to treat, to discuss, to finish, to translate, to listen, to give, to take, to make, to write, to read, to find, to know

III. Назовите сказуемое в пассивном залоге:

1. was discussed, is discussing, has discussed

2. is taking, is taken, will take

3. has finished, will be finishing, was finished

4. will not be making, does not make, will not be made

IV. Прочтите и переведите предложения:

1. I am asked questions at every lesson.

2. The lecturer was listened to very attentively.

3. Next week this report will be discussed by the students.

4. This article was translated into English by me.

5. Will this work be finished in three days?

6. Were you given a very difficult task?

7. Was the diagnosis made by the doctor?

V. Измените залог предложения по модели:

Model: The doctor treated the patient.

The patient was treated by the doctor.

1. My friend made a report.

2. This Professor delivers interesting lectures.

3. The scientist will carry out a new experiment.

4. I did not finish the work.

5. The doctor will not examine you tomorrow.

6. Students do not perform operations.

VI. Прочтите предложения, найдите и определите в них сказуемые и переведите предложения:

1. The surgeon has just performed the operation.

2. The patient has already restored his health.

3. Physiologists have already described this phenomenon.

4. I have never felt pain in the heart area.

5. The doctor has not discharged the patient from the hospital yet.

6. Have you ever used this method in practice?

VII. Найдите предложения в Perfect Active, прочтите и переведите их:

1. The physiology of the lungs is associated with their structure.

2. When the doctor was examining the patient he asked him to breathe deeply.

3. We have got some interesting findings during our experiments.

4. The lungs have many capillaries.

5. The patient had restored his health by the end of September.

6. This patient’s health will be restored soon.

7. These corpuscles have great elasticity and flexibility.

8. Scientists have called this phase of contraction ventricular systole.

9. The total blood volume is divided into circulating and reservoir volumes.

VIII. Определите залог и группу следующих инфинитивов:

to treat, to be taking, to have made, to be given

IX. Прочтите следующие предложения, обратите внимание на перевод модальных глаголов и инфинитивов, стоящих после них:

1. He cannot do it. He cannot have done it. Can he have done it?   2. He may perform operations on the heart. He may have performed an operation on the heart . 3. You must deliver a lecture. You must have delivered a lecture.

Он не может это сделать. Не может быть, чтобы он это сделал. Неужелион сделал это?   Он может быть (возможно) делает операции на сердце. Он может быть (возможно) сделал операцию на сердце.   Вы должны прочитать лекцию. Вы должно быть (вероятно) прочитали лекцию.

X. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения:

1. The infant is quiet now. Mother must have fed it. 2. The blood pressure may have decreased after taking this drug. 3. Can the scientist have made this discovery after a number of experiments.

XI. Прочтите слова, запомните их произношение и дайте русские эквиваленты:

constant [‘kOndstqnt], nerve [nWv], electrical [I’lektrikql], react [ri’qekt], impulse [‘impAls], actually [‘qektjuqli], agent [‘eiGqnt], terminal [‘tWminql], energy [‘enqGi], process [‘prouses]. inhibition [,inhi’biSqn], cortex [‘kLteks], stimulus [‘stimjulqs] (pl. stimuli [‘stimjulQi])

XII. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

brain [brein] – (головной) мозг

spinal cord – спинной мозг

to transmit [trqenz’mit] – передавать, отправлять

to refer [ri’fW] – приписывать, объяснять, относиться

to happen [‘hqepqn] – случаться, происходить

to travel [trqevl] – двигаться, перемещаться, распространяться

each - каждый

each other [‘JtS’ADq] – друг друга

by means of [mJnz] – с помощью, посредством

to touch [tAtS] – касаться, соприкасаться

close – близкий, тесный

to reach [rJtS] – достигать, доходить

to transfer [‘trqensfW] – передавать, перемещать

sleep - сон

to fall asleep [fOl] - заснуть

delicate [‘delikit] – тонкий, хрупкий

tired [tQiqd] - усталый

to be tired - уставать

to allow [q’lQu] – позволять, разрешать

area [‘Fqriq] – область, пространство, поле

to provide [prq’vQid] – обеспечивать, снабжать

smooth [smHT] – гладкий, ровный

to supply [sq’plQi] – обеспечивать, снабжать, питать

food - пища

to feed - кормить

purpose [‘pWpqs] - цель

XIII. Прочтите и переведите следующие словосочетания:

to happen [‘hqepqn] – What happened? It happened with us. When did it happen?

each other [‘JtS’ADq] – to be connected with each other, to depend on each other, to

ask each other, close to each other

by means of [mJnz] – by means of a new method, by means of examination, by

means of operation, by means of adequate treatment

close [klous] – close friends, close connection, close association, close meaning,

close to the text

delicate [‘delikit] – delicate cells, delicate operation, delicate health

to allow [q’lQu] – to allow patient to walk, not to allow to be tired, to allow to do

hard work, not to allow to work late

area [‘Fqriq] – in the area, heart area, in the brain area, different areas of the human

body, numerous areas of the spinal cord, tired areas, inhibited areas

smooth [smHT] – smooth surface, smooth work, smooth muscles

to supply [sq’plQi] – to supply with energy, to supply with feeding substances, to

supply with oxygen, bloodsupply

purpose [‘pWpqs] – for this purpose, the purpose of the research, the purpose of the

lecture, the purpose of the experiment

XIV. Прочтите и переведите текст А: