|
Theorist
| Goal of nursing
| Framework for practice
|
| Hildegard Peplau (1952)
| To develop interpersonal interaction between client and nurse
| Interpersonal theoretical model emphasizing relationship
between client and nurse
|
| Faye Abdellah (1960)
| To deliver nursing care for whole individual
| Problem solving based on 21 nursing problems
|
| Ida Orlando
(1961)
| To respond to client’s behavior in terms of immediate needs
| Three elements, including client behavior, nurse reaction, and nurse action, composing a nursing situation
|
| Virginia Henderson (1964)
| To help client gain independence as rapidly as possible
| Henderson’s 14 basic needs
|
| Dorothy Johnson (1968)
| To reduce stress so that client can recover as quickly as possible
| Adaptation model based on seven behavioral subsystems
|
| Imogene King
(1971)
| To use communication to help client to reestablish positive adaptation to environment
| Nursing process as dynamic interpersonal state between nurse and client
|
| Dorothea Orem (1971)
| To care for and help client to attain self-care
| Self-care deficit theory
|
| Betty Neuman
(1972)
| To assist individuals, families, and groups to attain and maintain maximal level of total wellness by purposeful interventions
| Systems model of nursing practice having stress reduction as its goal; nursing actions is one of three levels: primary, secondary, or tertiary
|
| Myra Levine
(1973)
| To use conservation activities aimed at optimal use of client resources
| Adaptation model of human as integrated whole based on “four conservation principles of nursing”
|
