Yes, I have. I have written the letter. Yes, he has. He has written the letter

• Отрицательный ответ:

No, I have not (haven't). I haven't written the letter. No, he has not (hasn't). He hasn't written the letter.

• Специальный вопрос:

а) к подлежащему:

Who has written the letter? — Кто написал письмо? (глагол to have стоит в форме has)

б) к сказуемому:

What have I done? — Что я сделал?

в) к дополнению:

What have I written? — Что я написал?

г) к обстоятельству:

Where have I written the letter? — Где я написал письмо?

С глаголами в форме настоящего совершенного времени используются наречия already — уже (в утвердительных предложениях) и yet — еще (в отрицательных предложениях), уже (в вопросительных):

Не has already written the letter. — Он уже написал

письмо.

Не hasn't written the letter yet. — Он еще не написал

письмо.

Has he written the letter yet? — Он уже написал письмо?

Наречие already, как правило, «рассекает» сказуемое
на две части, наречие yet стоит, как правило, в конце

предложения.

Кроме того, используются другие наречия и предлоги, такие как:

• just — только что

Не has just written the letter. — Он только что написал письмо.

• since — с, с какого-то момента

I haven't seen him since 1998. —Яне видел его с 1998 года.

• for — в течение какого-то времени

I haven't seen him for six years. — Я его шесть лет не видел.

Упражнение 108. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в форму простого прошедшего либо настоящего совершенного времени.

1. I just (to tell)____ you the answer.

2. I (to tell)___ you the answer yesterday.

3. John and Richard just (to go)_____ away.

4. She already (to answer)____ the letter.

5. She (to answer)____ the letter on Tuesday.

6. John and David (to go)____ away five minutes ago.

7. I (to read)____ that book in June.

8. I (not to see)___ him for three years. I want to know

where he is.

9. I (to fly)____ over Loch Ness last week. — You (to see)

___ the Loch Ness monster?

10. When he (to come)_____? — He (to come)_____ at 2.00.

11. I (to read)____ his books when I was at school. I (to like)

___ them very much.

12. I can't go out because I (not to do)_____ my work.

13. I (to write)___ the letter but I can't find a stamp (марку).

14. I (to leave)____ home at 8.00 and (to get) ___ here at

twelve.

15. You (to have)____ breakfast yet? — Yes, I (to have)_____

it at 8.00.

16. I (to meet)____ him last June.

17. You (to see)____ the film last night?

18. The film just (to begin)_____ You are a little late.

19. The newspaper (to come)____? — Yes, Ann is reading it.

20. He (to break)____ his leg last year.

21. You (to be)____ here before? — Yes, I (to have)_____ my

holidays here last year. — You (to have) __ a good

time? — No, it was raining all the time.

Упражнение 109. Постройте вопросительные предложения (общий и специальный вопросы).

1. John and Richard have just gone away.

2. She has already answered Jake's letter.

3. I have not seen him for three years.

4. I have been here three times before.

5. Mike has already bought a new car.

6. Jake hasn't come from the theatre yet.

7. The film has just begun.

8. They haven't been here since 1997.

9. I've reserved a room in the hotel.
10. Jake has shown the visitors his town.