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Active organs of speech
Passive organs of speech
Sound system
Human vocal apparatus
Phonetic and phonological theories
Modern British literary pronunciation
Psychological stage
Physiological stage
Physical or acoustic stage
Sound
Phonemes
Allophones
Phonemic functions
Quasihomonyms
Transcription
The International Phonetic Association
The broadorphonemic transcription
The narrow or allophonic transcription
"Mentalistic" or "psychological" view
"Functional" view
"Abstract" view
"Physical " view
The phonological analysis of language
The distributional method
The semantic method
Consonants
Occlusive
Constrictive
Noise consonants
Sonorant
The place of articulation
Labial
Lingual
Glottal
fortis
Lenis
Assimilation
Accommodation
Elision
The reduction of some consonant clusters
Vowels
Stability of articulation
Tongue position
Lip position
Character of the vowel end;
Length;
Tenseness.
Monophthones,
Diphthongs,
Diphthongoids
Vowel Alternation
Consonant Alternation
Historical alternations
Morphophonemics
Phonemic neutralization
Archiphoneme
Constitutive function
Distinctive function
Syllable
Stressed or accented
The dynamic stress
The musical (or tonic)
Word stress
Prominence
A fixed stress
A free stress
Multisyllabic word
Degrees of stress
Functional aspect of word stress
Intonation
Prosodic parameters: pitch, loudness, tempo
Syntagms
Intonation groups
The tone of a nucleus
The nucleus
The tail
Terminal tone
The head
The pre-head
Pause
The communicative function of intonation Rhythm
British English
English English, Welsh English, Scottish English and Northern Ireland English
The Received Pronunciation (RP)
The regional non-RP accents
The American variant of English
General American
Дата публикования: 2014-12-08; Прочитано: 668 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!