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Look through the text to find out what topic each paragraph is concerned with
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| The necessity to avoid dander or making mistakes at immunization | A |
| The necessity of doctors’ training in immunopathology | B |
| The correct way of prophylaxis | C |
| Application of different parenterial antigenic preparations | D |
| Mass national immunization programs | E |
| Allergy as a sad word | F |
| The history of immunization | G |
4Complete each sentence with the correct ending A – J.
A endemic regions B anti-tetanus vaccination C anti-rabies boosts
D active immunization E human rights F antigenic preparations
G allergic disorders H effective vaccines I experienced hands
J anti-diphtheria serum
1. It was E. Jenner who suggested ………..
2. In many WHO countries medical workers use some ………..
3. There is mass immunization for the prevention of abdominal typhus, cholera, yellow fever, hepatitis B, Japanese encephalitis in ………..
4. Everyone is aware of the saving role of ………..
5. E. von Behring was the creator of ………..
6. In early post-Soviet Russia a lot of parents refused to accept anti-diphtheria boosting for their children, misinterpreting this mandatory vaccination as “violation of ……….”.
7. Some developing countries regularly modernize their armies but they do not perform mass ………..
8. Immunization is a weapon for cautious use in ………..
9. During the last 80 years there has been rapid progress in the medical application of different ………..
10. It is essential to understand the great variance of autoimmune and ………..
5 Unjumble these jumbled words.
| 1 teroheraspy. |
| 2 timumnizaion |
| 3 maslplox |
| 4 saccinev |
| 5 denmice |
| 6 bsotos. |
| 7 lviationo |
| 8 reas |
| 9 ciarogenit |
| 10 pretparasion. |
| 11 recutiopnas |
| 12 ropyplaxish |
| 13 toimamunue |
6 Use the unjumbled words from exercise 5 to complete the sentences.
1. Many doctors are strong supporters of vaccination and teroheraspy.
2. In 1796 E. Jenner proposed active timumnizaion against smallpox.
3. A hospital cook from Somalia Ali Maow Maalin is known as the last maslplox patient recovered in 1977.
4. Effective saccinev are routinely used in many WHO countries.
5. In denmice regions of the world there is also mass immunization for
the prevention of some infections.
6. Everyone is aware of the saving role of anti-rabies bsotos.
7. In early post-Soviet Russia a lot of parents misinterpreted mandatory
vaccinations for their children as “ lviationo of human rights”.
8. The results of infectious could have been catastrophic but for the
great achievements of practical immunology – reas and vaccines.
9. Not only natural, but also ciarogenit methods of defense against
diseases are imperfect.
10. Besides vaccination, during the last 80 years there has been rapid
progress in the medical application of different antigenic
pretparasion.
11. It is necessary to be very meticulous about observing all limitations,
recutiopnas and counterindications which are recommended by the
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
12. “Boosting for boosting” is not the correct way of ropyplaxish.
13. It is essential to know the great variance of toimamunue and allergic
disorders.
7 Read the conversation between an examiner and a student. Complete the student’s responses using sentences A – H from below.
A As a result, big cities saw an immediate revival of diphtheria previously not observed by Russian doctors for decades.
B Medical specialists must be very meticulous about observing all limitations, precautions and counterindications which are recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and other authorities concerned.
C The annals of history keep the name of a hospital cook from Somalia Ali Maow Maalin, who was the last smallpox patient recovered in 1977.
D At the same time it must give the immune system a chance to display all its abilities, not excluding the hidden predisposition to allergy.
E In some countries there is obligatory immunization with BCG vaccine against tuberculosis.
F It is essential for them to know a great variance of autoimmune and allergic disorders as well as multiple concrete immunopathological disorders in various organs and systems.
G It happened in 1796.
H The means of passive immunization are antisera and specific g-globulins.
Examiner: And now let’s talk about the problems of control over infections and allergy. Could you remind me of the name of the person who introduced active immunization?
Student: Well, it was Edward Jenner. 1 ……….
Examiner: Right. And how effective it was?
Student: Smallpox was universally eradicated. 2 ……….
Examiner: What diseases are vaccines used against?
Student: They are used against such diseases as poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella, whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus. 3 ………. In endemic regions of the world there is also mass immunization for the prevention of abdominal typhus, cholera, yellow fever, hepatitis B, Japanese encephalitis and some other infections.
Examiner: What are the means of active and passive immunization?
Student: The means of active immunization are vaccines and toxoids. 4 ……….
Examiner: What do you know about the effect of one well-known non-professional campaign against vaccination?
Student: In early post-Soviet Russia a lot of parents refused to accept anti- diphtheria boosting for their children, misinterpreting mandatory vaccination as “violation of human rights”. 5 ……….
Examiner: How do you think a goodvaccine must be accepted by the immune system?
Student: Vaccination must not provoke the disease. 6 ……….
Examiner: Whatantigenic preparations are used besides vaccination?
Student: Besides vaccination different antigenic preparations such as blood
and blood products, parenteral nutrients, peptide drugs are used. Being injected via the parenteral route they avoid the gastrointestinal tract and are not inactivated in the gut.
Examiner: What do you think the correct way of prophylaxis is?
Student: “Boosting for boosting” is not the correct way of prophylaxis. 7 ……….
Examiner: What do doctors need to meet these recommendations?
Student: To meet these recommendations, doctors need broad knowledge in immunopathology. 8 ……….
Дата публикования: 2014-11-03; Прочитано: 350 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!
