Lesson 18

1. Match the occupations with the activities. Ask and say what the occupations are as in a model.

Example: – What’s an architect? – It’s someone who designs buildings.

1) an architect a) rides a horse in races.

2) an actor/ actress b) writes plays.

3) an author c) designs buildings.

4) an explorer d) flies a plane.

5) a jockey e) acts in plays or films.

6) a journalist f) travels to find out about new places.

7) a pilot g) writes for newspapers or magazines.

8) a playwright h) writes books.

2. Guess their jobs.

1) This person delivers letters. _________

2) This person performs operations at a hospital. ___________

3) If you have a lot of money, you might employ this person to drive you around. __________

4) You go to this person when you have a toothache. ___________

5) This person looks after you when you are flying. __________

6) This person is the head of a company. _________

7) This person is called in to examine and report on the accounts of a company. ________

8) If something goes wrong with your pipes, wash basin or bath, you usually call for this person. ___

A stewardess, a plumber, a surgeon, a director, an accountant, a dentist, a postman, a taxi-driver.

3. Read and remember the words before reading the text

an occupation – заняття, фах

to fill in – заповнювати

an official – службовець, офіційна особа

an official form – офіційний бланк

a skilled worker – кваліфікований робітник

a semi-skilled worker – напівкваліфікований робітник

an unskilled manual worker –некваліфікований робітник фізичної праці

a trade – професія, заняття, ремесло

a job – робота, служба, посада

considerable – значний

mental skills – розумові (інтелектуальні) вміння

What do you do for a living? – Як ви заробляєте на життя?

a dress-maker – кравчиня

a baker – пекар

4. Read the text and try to understand what it is about.

OCCUPATIONS, PROFESSIONS, TRADES

An occupation is an activity of any kind for which a person has the necessary qualification and training. If you have to fill in an official form in Britain you will usually find the reading “Occupation”, and if you are interviewed by an official he may ask you: “What’s your occupation?” If he already has a general idea of the kind of work you do – whether you are a professional worker, a technician, a skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled manual worker – he may ask more specifically: “What’s your profession?”, “What’s your trade?” or “What’s your job?” In ordinary everyday conversation, a person who wants to know someone’s occupation will simply ask: “What’s your job?”, “What do you do for a living?”, “What’s Mr. Jones?”, “What does Steve do?”

There are three main groups of occupations: professions, trades, jobs.

Traditionally, profession is an occupation which requires mainly intellectual work and a long period of higher education at a university or an academy. Thus, we speak of the medical profession, the teaching profession, the profession of an engineer and so on.

A trade is an occupation which demands a high level of manual skill and a certain period of practical and theoretical training. Mechanics, electricians, fitters, turners, tailors, weavers, hairdressers, etc. have learned a trade.

Many occupations are neither trades nor professions. We often call these occupations “jobs”. In this sense, the term job includes both unskilled and semiskilled manual occupations on the one hand and occupations which require considerable knowledge and mental skills on the other hand. The dividing lines between trades, jobs and professions are by no means always clear.

5. Answer the questions.

1. What’s an occupation? 2. What do people say in ordinary conversation if they want to know someone’s occupation? 3. What’s a profession? 4. What’s a trade? 5. What examples of trades are given in the text? 6. What sort of occupations does the term “job” include?

6. Would you call the following a trade, a profession or a job. Divide the following words into three groups: a) a trade; b) a profession; c) a job

Vet, plumber, architect, electrician, dressmaker, lawyer, tailor, actor, footballer, nurse, builder, taxi driver, teacher, writer, painter, dentist, mechanic, astronomer, boxer, company director, engineer, farmer, accountant, policeman, factory worker, lion tamer, astronaut, racing driver, TV presenter.

7. Look through the list of the occupations from Ex. 6 and answer the questions:

1. Which is the most interesting? 2. Which is the most boring? 3. Which is the most useful to society? 4. Are any of them damaging to society? 5. Which is the best paid? 6. Which is the most dangerous? 7. Which is the most difficult?

8. Open the brackets and choose one of the given modal verbs.(Consult § 34, 35, 36, 37)

1. My sister … play the violin (can, may, must). 2. You … do morning exercise (can, may, ought) 3. She has left the pen and … write with a pencil (must, had to, can). 4. … I close the window? (may, can, ought) 5. The tourist … spend the night in the camp (can, may, ought) 6. Everybody … go in for sport (can, must, may).