Complete the text and make a concept map of it. Carbon is the for organic chemistry, as it

Carbon is a nonmetal that can bond with itself and many other chemical elements, forming nearly ten million….

Elemental carbon can take the form of one of the … substances (diamond) or one of the … (graphite).

Carbon is made in the interiors of …, though it was not produced in the Big Bang.

Carbon compounds have limitless uses. In its … form, diamond is a gemstone and used for…; graphite is used in pencils, as a …, and to protect against rust; while charcoal is used to remove toxins, tastes, and odors. The … Carbon-14 is used in radiocarbon dating.

Carbon has the highest … point of the elements. The melting point of diamond is ~3550°C, with the sublimation point of carbon around 3800°C.

… carbon exists free in nature and has been known since prehistoric time.

The origin of the name 'carbon' comes from the Latin word carbo, for …. The German and French words for charcoal are similar.

Pure carbon is considered …, although inhalation of fine particles, such as soot, can damage ….

Carbon is the … most abundant element in the universe (hydrogen, helium, and oxygen are found in higher amounts, by mass).

Vocabulary

Match the elements, their symbols and their characteristics:

Writing

Put parts of job acceptance letter in the right order:

Listening

1. Listen to the following text and name its main idea.

2. Put the following parts of the plan into right order:

Importance of carbon cycle in the life on Earth

Carbon cycle in water

Carbon cycle in land

Role of carbon for all living matter

3. Put down key-words to each part of the text.

4. Listen to the text once more and try to retell it using your key-words.

Discussing

Complete the following scheme and summarize the information from the text using it:

Grammar review

1. Put these imperative sentences into indirect speech:

1. "Come to the blackboard," said the teacher to him. 2. "Take some sodium from this flask," said the laboratory assistant to me. 3. "Sit down at the table and do your homework," said my mother to me. 4. "Don't forget to wash the laboratory vessels," said the teacher to us. 5. "Explain to me how to solve this problem," said my friend to me. 6. The doctor said to Nick: "Open your mouth and show me your tongue." 7. "Don't be afraid of my dog," said the man to Kate. 8. "Take this book and read it," said the librarian to the boy. 9. Не said to us: "Come here tomorrow." 10. I said to Mike: "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive." 11. Father said to me: "Don't stay there long." 12. Peter said to them: "Don't leave the room until I come back." 13. "Take my luggage to Room 145," he said to the porter. 14. He said to me: "Ring me up tomor­row." 15. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter. 16. "Don't be late for dinner," said other to us. 17. Jane said to us: "Please tell me all you know about Mendeleev." 18. She said to Nick: "Please don't say anything about it to your sister." 19. The teacher said to me: "Hand this note to your parents, please." 20. Oleg said to his sister: "Put the letter into an envelope and give it to Kate." 21. "Please help me with this work, Henry," said Robert. 22. "Please bring me some fish soup," he said to the waitress, 23. "Don't worry over such a small thing," she said to me. 24. "Please don't mention it to anybody," Mary said to her friend. 25. "Promise to come and see me," said Jane to Alice.

2. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to Sequence of Tenses:

1. Masha said: "I usually spend my holidays in the south." 2. She said: "I spent my holidays in the Crimea last year." 3. Boris said: "I go to the south every year." 4. He said: "I am going to a rest-home tomorrow." 5. Ann said to us: "They haven't yet come." 6. She said to us: "They arrived in St. Pe­tersburg yesterday." 7. I said: "I was in London last year. My friends in London sometimes invite me to spend my holidays with them." 8. Nick said: "I have never been to London. I think I shall go there next year." 9. He said: "I shall not stay with my friends too long." 10. He said to me: "They are staying at the 'Europe' hotel. 11. He said: "They are leaving next Monday." 12. The clerk said to them: "You can leave the key with the maid upstairs."

Vocabulary