Sequence of Tenses

Present Indefinite   “He plays tennis every day.”	Past Indefinite I knew (that) he played tennis every day.
Present Continuous   “He is playing tennis and I don’t want to disturb him.”	Past Соntinuous   I knew (that) he was playing tennis and I didn't want to disturb him.
Рresent Perfect   “He has liedto me.”	Раst Pеrfect   I suspected he had lied to me.
Раst Indefinite   “Bill didn’tread my letter.”	Рast Perfect   I was sure (that) Bill hadn’t read my letter.
Раst Perfect   He had liedto me on occasion.	Past Perfect I found out that he had liedto me on occasion.
Future Indefinite   "I willnot lieto you any more. I promise”.	Future Indefinite-in-the-Раst   He promised he wouldnot lieto me any more.
“I willcome to see you after 10 pm.”	I knew (that) Bill wouldcome to see me after 10 pm.
“I can not promise to come to the party.”	He said (that) he could not promise to come to the party.

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
this, these now here today tomorrow the day after tomorrow yesterday the day before yesterday ago	that, those then, at that moment there that day the next day two days later, in two days the day before two days before before

Exercise 23. Yesterday Alice came back from holidays in Australia and met her relatives and friends. Here's what they said when they saw her. Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

Nick	“I was thinking about you when you came”
“It’s nice to meet you”.	Tom
Alex	“What was the weather like in Australia?”
“I like your new blouse”.	Sally
Sam	“Did you visit your relatives in Sydney?”
“Where have you been?”	Robbie
Nancy	“How was your flight?”
“Did you take any pictures?”	Victor

Exercise 24: Choose the right form of the verb:

1. My friend asked me who (is carrying, was carrying) out the experiment in the laboratory.

2. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off.

3. I was sure he (attended, had attended) the lecture.

4. I knew that he (is, was) the best student in the group.

5. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday.

6. He said he (is studying, was studying) the properties of hydrogen.

7. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their results of the experiments.

8. He asked me where I (study, studied).

9. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my report at that time.

10. Victor said he (is, was) very busy.

11. I knew they (are waiting, were waiting) for me at the library and I decided to hurry.

12. He says that he (knows, knew) the Periodic law of elements.

13. Sam understood why Larry (did not come, had not come) to the previous lecture.

14. She asked me whether I (remember, remembered) the atomic weight of sodium.

15. He said he (will leave, would leave) tomorrow morning.

16. She says she already (has found, had found) the book.

Exercise 25: Translate from Russian into English using Sequence of Tenses:

1. Он спросил: «Ты поможешь мне с этой реакцией?». 2. Она сказала: «Я не смогу прийти, мне надо готовить доклад». 3. Он крикнул: «Она идет сюда». 4. Мать сказала: «Я не знаю, где твои вещи». 5. Кто-то спросил: «Что вы здесь делаете»? 6. Она спросила меня: «Ты занят?» 7. Они спросили: «Твоя сестра знает английский?» 8. Друг спросил меня: «Ты сможешь завтра принести учебник по ботанике?» 9. Она сказала мне: «Ты должен сделать эту работу». 10. Олег спросил: «Ты был вчера на лекции по физиологии?» 11. Она сказала: «Не бери мои книги на столе». 12. Преподаватель сказал: «Спроси об этом своего друга». 13. Один из них сказал: «Ты сегодня очень устал». 14. Мать сказала мне: «Пойди отдохни». 15. Декан спросил: «Делегация прибудет вовремя?» 16. Я ответила: «Я потеряла книгу и теперь ищу её».

Exercise 26: Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to Sequence of Tenses:

1. He told me that the lecture would begin at 3 p. m. 2. They knew student N was working at the laboratory. 3. As I hadn’t read this article before, I went to the reading-hall. 4. I thought she would become a good student. 5. When I came to the laboratory, he had already gone home. 6. We were told that even Lavoisier had been interested in oxygen. 7. The teacher explained how the substance had been obtained in his laboratory. 8. The hypothesis was very interesting but we wanted to know how it had been developed. 9. Soddy showed that some radioactive elements had similar behaviour. 10. Mendeleyev predicted that more elements would be discovered and even described their properties. 11. Early chemists thought that water was an element. 12. Their experiment showed that not all isotopes were stable. 13. When we came in, she had finished her experiment and was analyzing the results. 14. Everybody knew that professor N was making experiments on the properties of substances.

Exercise 27: Open the brackets using the verb in a proper tense.

1. Не said he (to leave) tomorrow morning. 2. She says she already (to find) the book. 3. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five. 4. She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong. 5. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before. 6. The student asked the laboratory assistant where the reagent (to be kept). 7. The delegates were told that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes. 8. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry. 9. I didn't know that the steam (to liberate) condensed as the temperature (to fall). 10. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her. 11. He says that hydrogen (to burn) with almost colourless flame. 12. Sally understood why Larry (not to come) the previous evening. 13. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion. 14. He understood that oxygen and phosphorous (to be) very active chemically. 15. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well. 16. I suppose they (to send) a dog after the burglar immediately.

Exercise 28: Open the brackets paying attention to Sequence of Tenses:

1. The students are carrying out this experiment. (She thought) 2. Her friend will come to see her. (She hoped) 3. Father has repaired his bicycle. (He thought) 4. She knows the Periodic Law very well. (I supposed) 5. Our sportsmen will win the game. (We were sure) 6. She made no mistakes in her test. (She was glad) 7. He works at his Botany hard. (I knew) 8. She dances better than anybody else. (I was told) 9. My cousin has received a very interesting offer from his firm. (I learnt) 10. She will come to stay with us. (My aunt wrote in her letter) 11. He is writing a report about D.I. Mendeleev. (We heard) 12. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure) 13. You will fall and break your leg. (I was afraid) 14. My friend has never been to Wash­ington. (I knew) 15. She never drinks milk. (I was told) 16. He is a very talented singer. (We were told) 17. They live a happy life. (We knew) 18. He does not know Maths at all. (I found out)

During the lesson we’ve come across the name of a famous scientist, closely connected with chemical elements, which invented the Periodic Table of Elements- D.I. Mendeleev. Make a short biographical report about him or one of the existing elements.

You may do it as a “Personal records”, “PowerPoint Presentation”, assay etc.

1. Match word combinations on the left with the definitions on the right:

1. Atomic mass	A. The number of protons in the nucleus of an element's atom.
2. Compound, chemical	B. An element that is made artificially in a laboratory but is generally not found in nature.
3. Chemical symbol	C. The mass of the protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom.
4. Metal	D. A letter or pair of letters that represents some given amount of an element.
5. Nonmetal	E. A substance that consists of two or more chemical elements joined to each other in a specific proportion.
6. Periodic table	F. An element that acts sometimes like a metal and sometimes like a nonmetal.
7. Synthetic element	G. An element that loses electrons in chemical reactions with other elements.
8. Atomic number	H. An element that tends to gain electrons in chemical reactions with other elements.
9. Metalloid	I. A system of classifying the chemical elements according to their atomic number.

1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	8.	9.

2. Complete the sentences:

Nick said …	they have not been here for a long time.
They explain …	they were friends at school.
He thinks …	he was going to the chemical laboratory to study the properties of sodium.
Sarah believed …	he issure Ann and Kate will take part in the conference.
Bob informs …	they will take him to the theatre on Sunday.
Alice said …	she has made good progress in English.
My friend promised …	elementary arsenic occurs in three solid modifications differing in density.
I pointed out …	they will write a report when they study all the material.
Susan told us that …	she has just met Boris in the street.
He thought …	Boris told her a lot of interest­ing things about the scientific conference he was present at.
I found out that …	it did him a lot of good.
Sam believes …	his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach.
Nancy explained …	they made a lot of experiments.
I informed them that …	they have just come back from the Caucasus.
My father said …	he has a good microscope for his research work.
My parents say …	she feels better now.

РАБОЧАЯ ТЕТРАДЬ К ТЕМЕ:

ELEMENTS