Read these words correctly. Mind the stress. control – to control; attack – to attack; product – to produce; define – definite; to vary – variety

control – to control; attack – to attack; product – to produce; define – definite; to vary – variety

3. Define the parts of speech. Translate these words and their derivatives:

ceramics – ceramic; resist – resistant – resistance; vacancy – vacant – vacate - vacation; compare – comparative – comparatively – comparison; attack – to attack; lining – to line

4. Find the pairs of synonyms and remember them:

because of, to provide, lately, to learn, to explain, due to, to supply, recently, to account for, to find out.

5. Find the pairs of antonyms and remember them:

hard, solid, fast, light, dull, difficult, heavy, bright, weak, easy, liquid, slow, soft, strong

6. Translate the following sentences into Russian with special attention to the words in bold:

Note: hardly – едва nearly – почти

highly – весьма readily – легко, охотно

largely – главным образом, преимущественно

1. The reaction of carbon with oxygen is highly exothermic. 2. Up to now chemistry has largely been a matter of taking natural products of the earth and converting them to man's uses. 3. This element exists in two readily recognizable modifications: crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. 4. Mercury oxide can be readily decomposed by heat. 5. There are many reactions which proceed readily, some even violently, if a trace of water is present. 6. One of the properties common to nearly all nuclear radiations are particles in their ability to ionize. 7. Hydrogen readily combines with fluorine and chlorine. 8. In many cases mixtures and compounds are not so readily distinguished. 9. There is hardly any living substance in nature which does not consist of compounds containing oxygen.

7. Complete the following sentences using the verbs "to find" or

"to find out" according to the model:

Model: 1. At last he found the article about the new methods of production of some synthetic products.

2. He carried a number of experiments as he wanted to find out the composition of this new substance.

1. After many years of hard work the scientist... a new method of purifying water. 2. I should like... where this scientist will make his report about the refining of petroleum. 3. This material... wide application everywhere. 4. If you like... about his new investigations in the field of metallurgy, you had better speak to him. 6. Have you... what the term "chemical durability" means?

8. Translate the following sentences into Russian:

Note: very (with adjectives and adverbs) – очень

the very book – именно эта книга

the very student – тот самый студент

the very first of –cамый первый из

1. This is the very material we need in our experiment. 2. At the very end the text was very difficult. 3. The very first step in applying the scientific method is to obtain some facts by observation and experiment. 4. He knows the subject very well as he works very hard. 5. In the very nature glass is brittle. 6. This is the very man who can help you.

9. Open the brackets choosing the suitable word:

1. (The very, very) first subjects we studied in the first year were mathematics, inorganic chemistry and English. 2. This was (very, the very) book I needed for my work. 3. Have you (found out, found) what subject he was interested in? 4. I shall use this new material (provide, provided) it is resistant to corrosion. 5. She could (hardly, hard) use this material as it was too brittle. 6. These ceramic materials are (light, heavy) in weight. 7. This solid material was (very, the very) good for construction.

10. Read and translate the following word combinations you’ll meet in the text paying special attention to the “false-friends” words:

principal elements, control devices, highly oxidized compounds, strongly resistant materials, highly ionized atoms, significant extent, main industrial products; mainly in industry, primarily ionic, is of prime importance, by means of; the means of, nearly all the substances, near the limit.