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Time | Affirmative Form | Interrogative Form | Negative Form | |
I N D E F I N I T E | Present | I ask he (she) asks we (you, they) ask | do I ask? does he (she) ask? do we (you, they) ask? | I do not ask he (she) does not ask we (you, they) do not ask |
Past | I asked He (she) asked We (you, they) asked | Did I ask? Did he (she) ask? Did we (you, they) ask? | I did not ask He (she) did not ask We (you, they) did not ask | |
Future | I shall ask He (she) will ask We shall ask You (they) will ask | Shall I ask? Will he (she) ask? Shall we ask? Will you (they) ask? | I shall not ask He (she) will not ask We shall not ask You (they) will not ask | |
C O N T I N U O U S | Present | I am asking He (she) is asking We (you, they) are asking | Am I asking? Is he (she) asking? Are we (you, they) asking? | I am not asking He (she) is not asking We (you, they) are not asking |
Past | I was asking He (she) was asking We (you, they) were asking | Was I asking? Was he (she) asking? Were we (you, they) asking? | I was not asking He (she) was not asking We (you, they) were not asking | |
Future | I shall be asking He (she) will be asking We shall be asking You (they) will be asking | Shall I be asking? Will he (she) be asking? Shall we be asking? Will you (they) be asking? | I shall not be asking He (she) will not be asking We shall not be asking You (they) will not be asking | |
P E R F E C T | Present | I have asked He (she) has asked We (you, they) have asked | Have I asked? Has he (she) asked? Have we (you, they) asked? | I have not asked He (she) has not asked We (you, they) have not asked |
Past | I had asked He (she) had asked We (you, they) had asked | Had I asked? Had he (she) asked? Had we (you, they) asked? | I had not asked He (she) had not asked We (you, they) had not asked | |
Future | I shall have asked He (she) will have asked We shall have asked You (they) will have asked | Shall I have asked? Will he (she) have asked? Shall we have asked? Will you (they) have asked? | I shall not have asked He (she) will not have asked We shall not have asked You (they) will not have asked |
Таблица 7 Passive Voice
Time | Affirmative Form | Interrogative Form | Negative Form | |
I N D E F I N I T E | Present | I am asked He (she) is asked We (you, they) are asked | Am I asked? Is he (she) asked? Are we (you, they) asked? | I am not asked He (she) is not asked We (you, they) are not asked |
Past | I was asked He (she) was asked We (you, they) were asked | Was I asked? Was he (she) asked? Were we (you, they) asked? | I was not asked He (she) was not asked We (you, they) were not asked | |
Future | I shall be asked He (she) will be asked We shall be asked You (they) will be asked | Shall I be asked? Will he (she) be asked? Shall we be asked? Will you (they) be asked? | I shall not be asked He (she) will not be asked We shall not be asked You (they) will not be asked | |
C O N T I N U O U S | Present | I am being asked He (she) is being asked We (you, they) are being asked | Am I being asked? Is he (she) being asked? Are we (you, they) being asked? | I am not being asked He (she) is not being asked We (you, they) are not being asked |
Past | I was being asked He (she) was being asked We (you, they) were being asked | Was I being asked? Was he (she) being asked? Were we (you, they) being asked? | I was not being asked He (she) was not being asked We (you, they) were not being asked | |
Future | ________ | _________ | _________ | |
P E R F E C T | Present | I have been asked He (she) has been asked We (you, they) have been asked | Have I been asked? Has he (she) been asked? Have we (you, they) been asked? | I have not been asked He (she) have not been asked We (you, they) have not been asked |
Past | I had been asked He (she) had been asked We (you, they) had been asked | Had I been asked? Had he (she) been asked? Had we (you, they) been asked? | I had not been asked He (she) had not been asked We (you, they) had not been asked | |
Future | I shall have been asked He (she) will have been asked We shall have been asked You (they) will have been asked | Shall I have been asked? Will he (she) have been asked? Shall we have been asked? Will you (they) have been asked? | I shall not have been asked He (she) will not have been asked We shall not have been asked You (they) will not have been asked |
Таблица 8 Sequence of Tenses
Tense | He says that … | He said that … | Translation |
I N D E F I N I T E | He does this work every day. He did this work yesterday. He will do this work tomorrow. | He did this work every day. He had donethis work the day before. He would do this work next day. | Он делает эту работу каждый день. Он делал эту работу вчера (накануне). Он сделает эту работу завтра (на следующий день). |
C O N T I N U O U S | He is doing this work now. He was doing this work from 5 till 7 yesterday. He will be doing this work from 5 till 7 tomorrow. | He was doing this work then. He had been doing this work from 5 till 7 the day before. He would be doing this work from 5 till 8 the next day. | Он делает эту работу сейчас. Он делал эту работу с 5 до 7 вечера. Он будет делать эту работу завтра с 5 до 8 завтра. |
P E R F E C T | He has done this work today. He had done this work by 5 o’ clock. He will have donethis work by tomorrow. | He had done this work that day. He had done this work by 5 o’clock. He would have done this work by the next day. | Он сделал эту работу сегодня. Он сделал работу к 5 часам. Он сделает эту работу к завтрашнему дню. |
Таблица 9 Conditional Sentences
Type | Example | Translation |
I – реальное условие | I shall come if I am free. | Я приду, если буду свободен. |
II – маловероятное условие | I should come today (tomorrow) if I were free. | Я бы пришел сегодня (завтра), если бы был свободен. |
III – нереальное условие | I should have come yesterday if I had been free. | Я бы пришел вчера, если бы был свободен. |
Таблица 10 Modal Verbs
Глагол | Перевод | Эквивалент | Настоящее время | Прошедшее время | Будущее время |
can | мочь, уметь | to be able to | can am is able to are | could, was able to were | shall (will) be able to |
may | можно, разрешается, возможно | to be allowed to | may am is allowed to are | might, was (were) allowed to | shall (will) be allowed to |
must | должен, должно быть | to have to | must, have to (has to) | had to | shall (will) have to |
need | нужно, надо | Shall I read this book? – No, you needn’t. |
Таблица 11 The Verbs of Obligation
должен обязан must нужно надо необходимо | обязанность, приказание, приказ; настоятельный совет или приглашение (обязательно); внутренняя осознанная необходимость | I must go to work at 9 o’clock. You must read this book. I must do it today. |
have toдолжен приходится | Необходимость, вызванная внешними обстоятельствами | You have to work hard if you wish to pass exams well. |
be to должен | долженствование согласно плану, графику, договору | The train is to arrive at 5 o’clock. |
shouldследует следовало бы | совет, рекомендация | You shouldn’t work hard. |
ought toследует | моральный долг, совет | You ought to help them. |
Таблица 12 Infinitive
Forms
Дата публикования: 2015-02-20; Прочитано: 235 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!