Kinds of farming in great Britain

The main kinds of farming practised in Britain are hill-sheep farming, stockrearing, dairying, mixed, intensive, and arable farming.

Each farmer chooses the kind of farming which is best suited to his own land.

Many farmers with rich, flat land have arable farms which grow crops. Farmers whose land is suitable often keep milking cows on their dairy farms. Some farmers with hilly land keep sheep and others specialize in pigs or poultry. And some farmers grow crops and keep animals as well; their farms are called mixed farms.

The kind of farming depends on many things: on climate, slope, soil and altitude.

There are many pigs, poultry and dairy cows on the farms below Downs. This region has many mixed farms, with some arable land for growing crops and some grasslands for grazing cattle.

At Wortthing, we see small farms which consist almost entirely of glasshouses, in which there are cucumbers and tomatoes. This is an example of intensive farming, where only one or two special crops are grown. When we drive north-east into Kent we see another example of intensive farming: the orchards of cherry, pear or apple trees and the hop-gardens. Hops are used in making beer.

The arable farms of the Fens provide wheat and barley, potatoes and other vegetables such as sugar beet. Much of livestock is kept on pasturelands of the West.

Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. What are the main kinds of farming in Great Britain?

2. What kind of farming does each farmer choose?

3. What does the kind of farming depend on?

4. What region has many mixed farms?

5. What is intensive farming?

6. What do arable farms provide?

7. What is kept on pasturelands of the West?

Вправи

I. Згрупуйте подані нижче слова за частинами мови.

Іменник	Прикметник	Дієслово
farmers	hilly	are grown

Intensive, crops, special, is suited, consist of, grassland, pastureland, chooses, are called, keep, glasshouses, to specialize in, farmers, arable, hilly, are grown, mixed, are used, beer, provide, livestock, is kept, dairy, region, depends on.

II. Знайдіть спільне слово.

1. sheep, pigs, livestock, cows

2. wheat, barley, potatoes, crops, hops, sugar beet, tomatoes

3. arable farming, sheep farming, stockrearing, kind of farming, dairying.

III. Згрупуйте подані нижче слова у синоніми.

Agriculture, grassland, dairy, grazing, milk, growing, farming, pastureland, soil, rearing, land, pasture.

IV. Заповніть пропуски у реченнях, використовуючи слова в дужках.

1. This farmer has rich land. He …crops.

2. Milking cows … on dairy farms.

3. Some farmers … in stockrearing.

4. Arable lands of this region …wheat and barley, potatoes and sugar beet.

5. These small farms … glasshouses.

6. The kind of farming … climate, slope, soil and altitude

7. The football …on the TV with great interest by everybody in our hostel.

(consist of, depends on, grows, are kept, was watched, provide, specialize in)

V. Підберіть терміни до їх визначень.

1) orchard a) grass and similar crops which animals eat in a field; the field where livestock eat growing plants

2) poultry b) an area of land devoted to the growing of fruit trees

3) pasture c) domesticated birds used for food or egg production

4) grazing d) the eating of young crops in the field by livestock.

VI. Перетворіть речення за зразком:

Зразок: Farmers use hops in making beer. (Активний стан).

Hops are used in making beer. (Пасивний стан).

1. Farmers practice different kinds of farming in Great Britain.

2. Farmers choose the kind of farming.

3. This breed (порода) of cattle produces a great amount of meat.

4. The farmers form a new breed by crossing two another breeds.

5. Most farmers keep dairy herd (стадо) on mixed farms.

6. About 65 million years ago, a giant asteroid struck Earth and wiped out the dinosaurs.

7. Marsupials bear their young at a much earlier stage of development than other animals.

VII. Утворіть питальні та заперечні форми за зразком.

Зразок: This kind of farming is suited to this land.

Питання: Is this kind of farming suited to this land? (загальне).

Why is this kind of farming suited to this land? (спеціальне).

Is this kind of farming suited to this land or not? (альтернативне).

This kind of farming is suited to this land, isn`t it? (розділове).

Заперечення: This kind of farming is not suited to this land.

1. On this farm only one or two special crops are grown.

2. Milking cows are kept on dairy farms.

3. Domesticated birds are used for food or egg production.

4. Stock-rearing is used by many farmers.

5. Bacteria are found in various parts of the body.

6. Tuberculosis is found mostly in cattle, poultry and swine.

VIII. Виконайте вправу за зразком. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

Зразок: In future the problem of unemployment (to settle). In future the problem of unemployment will be settled. У майбутньому проблема безробіття буде вирішена.

1. People (to give) more time to enjoy themselves. 2. Much work (to perform) by machines. 3. Many teachers (to replace) by computers. 4. New sources of energy (to found) by scientists. 5. The energy (to use) more efficiently by people. 6. The problem of feeding people (to improve).7. All the nuclear weapon (to destroy). 8. Many ecological problems (to solve). 9. Life expectancy (to increase). 10. The cure for cancer (to find).

IX. Утворіть питальні та заперечні форми за зразком.

Зразок: This bank was founded 2 years ago (твердження).

Was this bank founded 2 years ago? (загальне питання).

When was this bank founded? (спеціальне питання).

This bank was not founded 2 years ago (заперечення).

1. Alaska is separated from the USA by Canada.

2. The exhibition of plants will be closed tomorrow.

3. The Statue of Liberty in New York was built in 1886.

4. English is spoken in the USA, India, Australia and many other countries.

5. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

6. A new part of the world was called after Amerigo Vespucci.

7. Alaska was bought by the USA from Russia in 1867.

8. The first national park Yellowstone was established in 1872.

9. The first U.S. zoo was opened in Philadelphia in 1874.

10. Manufacturing of blue jeans was started by Levis Strauss in 1850.