Системность (или систематичность), 2) независимость от контекста, однозначность, 4) точность, 5) дефинированность, 6) краткость и 7) стилистическая нейтральность

In reality, not all terms have the above properties, which may lead to misunderstandings. For example, terms are often used loosely in the social sciences and humanities. As a result, different people may inter­pret them in different ways. Sometimes even one and the same author, writing on humanities or social subjects, uses what they believe to be specialist terms in different senses in different contexts or works.

In order to translate specialist texts competently, the translator must have a deep understanding of the concepts employed by specialists in a particular field and the specialist terms used to express these concepts and their relationships in the source and target languages. This type of translation is called translation for specific purposes (перевод для специальных целей) or technical translation (технический перевод), and the translators have to undergo specialist training or study a particular subject in depth on their own.

There are two main ways of translating (specialist) technical terms: by using the term that has already been adopted in the target language or, alternately, creating one's own term. Technical terms are usually cre­ated in translation by 1) borrowing the term from the source language and transferring it unchanged into the source language (беспереводное заимствование), e.g. операционная система Windows 98 Second Edition;

2) transcribing and/or transliterating the term in the source language (транскрипция и/или транслитерация) using the alphabet of the tar­get language (e.g. ноутбук), the modern tendency being that of a maxi­mal phonetic approximation of the technical terms in the source and target languages; 3) using a loan translation (калька) whereby the se­mantic components of a given term are literally translated into their equivalents in the target language (e.g. активная матрица - active matrix); and 4) providing a descriptive translation (описательный перевод) of a given term (e.g. software - программное обеспечение, power adapter - адаптер для питания и зарядки от сети).