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V. Ask the questions to the situations. 1. A computer consists of hardware, applications software, and operating system software



1. A computer consists of hardware, applications software, and operating system software. The operating system allows the user to interact with the computer hardware.

2. The basic components of a microcomputer are processor, motherboard, memory, video adapter and display, keyboard, pointing device, disk drives, and peripheral devices. You can identify hardware components by a visual inspection, by observing information displayed during the boot up process, and by accessing a ROM BIOS setup program.

3. Certain functions are provided by most, if not all, current operating systems. These functions include a user interface, job management, task management, memory management, file manage-ment, device management, and security. The operating system makes everything work together.

4. You can identify most of the functions provided by your operating system by careful observation. For instance, evidence of support of the security function includes a required logon procedure when you start your computer, and the need for authorization to access resources on your local computer.

VI. Fill in the gaps with prepositions on, into, of, in,with, to, for.

1. As … 2005, the major operating systems … widespread use … general-purpose computers (including personal computers) have consolidated… two families: the Microsoft Windows family and the Unix-like family.

2. Mainframe computers and embedded systems use a variety … different operating systems, many … no direct connection …Windows or Unix.

3. The Microsoft Windows family … operating systems originated as a graphical layer … top … the older MS-DOS environment … the IBM PC.

4. Modern versions are based … the newer Windows NT core that first took shape … OS/2.

5. Windows runs … 32- and 64-bit Intel and AMD computers, although earlier versions also ran … the DEC Alpha and PowerPC architectures.

6. Today, Windows is the most popular desktop operating system, enjoying a near-monopoly … around 90% … the worldwide desktop market share.

7. It is also widely used … low-end and mid-range servers, supporting applications such as Web servers and database servers.





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