The Article

(Артикль)

Запомните следующие правила: Перед каждым нарицательным существительным должен стоять артикль. Если вы не употребляете перед существительным артикль, вы должны уметь объяснить, почему. Артикль не употребляется, если перед существи­тельным стоит притяжательное или указательное мес­тоимение, другое существительное в притяжательном падеже, количественное числительное или отрицание "по" (не "not"!).

1. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.This is... book. It is my... book. 2. Is this your... pencil? — No, it isn't my... pencil, it is my sis­ter's... pencil. 3. I have... sister. My... sister is... engineer. My sister's... husband is... doctor. 4. I have no... handbag. 5. She has got... headache. 6. Have they got... car? — Yes, they have. Their... car is not very expensive but reliable. 7. Have you got... calculator? — No, I haven't. 8. Is this... watch? — No, it isn't... watch, it's... pen. 9. This... pen is good, and that... pen is bad. 10. Ican see... pencils on your... table, but I can see no... paper. 11. Give me... chair, please. 12. They have... dog and two... cats. 13. I have... spoon in my... plate, but I have no... soup in it. 14. My... friend says he is going to be... millionaire one... day. 15. Would you like... orange? 16. Mr. Smith is... artist, Mrs. Smith is... poetess.

Упоминая предмет впервые, мы употребляем пе­ред ним неопределенный артикль a(an). Упоминая этот же предмет вторично, мы ставим перед ним определенный артикль the. E.g. This is abook. The book is interesting.

2. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. Не hasn't got... car. But he's got... comput­er.... computer is new. 2. My... friends have got... cat and... dog.... dog never bites... cat. 3. This is... tree.... tree is green. 4. I can see three... boys.... boys are playing. 5. I have... bicycle.... bicycle is black. My... friend has no... bicycle. 6. Our... room is large. 7. We wrote... dictation yesterday.... dictation was long. 8. She has two... daughters and one... son. Her... son is... pupil. 9. Last year I gave my... mother... bracelet for her... birthday. She liked... bracelet. 10. My... brother's... friend has no... dog. 11. This... pencil is broken. Give me that... pencil, please. 12. She has... ball.... ball is... big. 13. I got... letter from my... friend yester­day.... letter was interesting. 14. When they were in Geneva, they stayed at... hotel. Sometimes they had dinner at... hotel and sometimes in... restaurant.

Неопределенный артикль a(an) может употреб­ляться только с исчисляемыми существительными, стоящими в единственном числе. Перед неисчисляе­мыми существительными или существительными во множественном числе неопределенный артикль опус­кается. Определенный артикль theупотребляется как с исчисляемыми, так и с неисчисляемыми существи­тельными, как с единственным, так и с множествен­ным числом. E.g. This is a book. The book is interesting. исчисляемое в единственном числе This is _ meat. The meat is fresh. неисчисляемое These are _ books. The books are good. множественное число

3. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. This is... pen.... pen is red. 2. These are pen­cils.... pencils are black. 3. This is... soup.... soup is tasty. 4. In the morning I eat... sandwich and drink... tea. 5. She gave me... coffee and... cake.... coffee was hot.... cake was tasty. 6. Do you like... ice cream? 7. I see... book in your... hand. Is... book interesting? 8. Do you need... camera? 9. He never eats... meat, he always eats... vegetables,... cereals,... seeds,... fruit, and... nuts. He is... ve­getarian. 10. This is... pineapple.... pineapple is delicious. 11. Elaine,... apples are good for you! 12. My... cousin is upset. He's got... sore throat.

13. This is... cottage cheese.... cottage cheese is fresh. 14. She bought... meat,... butter and... po­tatoes yesterday. She also bought... cake.... cake was very... tasty. We ate... cake with... tea. 15. This is my... table. On... table I have... book, two... pencils,... pen and... paper. 16. This is... bag.... bag is brown. It is my sister's... bag. And this is my... bag. It is... yellow.

Запомните следующие словосочетания, в которых артикль не употребляется: at _ school at _ home at _work

4. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. I have two... sisters. My... sisters are... stu­dents. 2. We are at... home. 3. My... brother is not at... home, he is at... school. 4. My... mother is at... work. She is... doctor. 5. I am not... doctor. 6. I have no... sister. 7. He is not... pilot. 8. I have thirty-two... teeth. 9. He has... child. 10. She has two... children. Her children are at... school. 11. Is your father at... home? — No, he is at... work. 12. Where is your... brother? — He is at... home.

Если перед существительным употребляется прилагательное, оно стоит между артиклем и существительным. E.g. This Is a book. This is a good book.

5. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. We have... large... family. 2. My granny of­ten tells us... long... interesting... stories. 3. My... father is... engineer. He works at... factory.... factory is large. 4. My... mother is... doctor. She works at... large... hospital. She is at... work now. 5. My... aunt is... teacher. She works at... school.... school is good. My... aunt is not at... school now. She is at... home. She is drinking... tea and eating... jam.... jam is sweet. I am at... home, too. I am drinking... tea and eating... sandwich.... sandwich is tasty. 6. My sister is at... school. She is... pupil. 7. My cousin has... big... black... cat. My cousin's... cat has two... kittens.... cat likes... milk.... kittens like... milk, too. 8. I am... engineer. 9. My... son is... pupil. 10. He is... good... pupil. 11. This is... house. 12. This is my... pencil. 13. You have some... pencils, but I have no... pen­cil. Give me... pencil, please.

Часто, даже упоминая предмет впервые, мы тем не менее употребляем перед ним определенный ар­тикль: а) если упоминаемый предмет является един­ственным в мире: E.g. The sun is shining brightly. б) если этот предмет является определенным по ситуации: E.g. Put the book on the table.

6. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. What's... weather like today? —... weather is fine. 2.... sun is yellow. 3.... sky is grey today. 4.... Earth is... planet. 5. We had... English les­son yesterday.... teacher asked me many... ques­tions.... questions were difficult. 6. Where is your... brother? — Не is at... home. He is in his... room. He is sitting at... table. He is doing his... home­work.... homework is difficult. 7. Our... cat is sit­ting on... sofa. 8. It is very dark in... room. Turn on... light, please. 9. Nick went into... bathroom, turned on... water and washed his... hands.

Запомните следующие конструкции, требующие неопределенного артикля:
I have а... Не has а … I see a...	This is a … That is a … It is a... There is a …	I am a... He is a … She is a …

7. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. I see... bottle of... pineapple... juice on... kitchen table. 2. Her... son has... great... sense of... humor. 3. There was... discotheque at... club last Saturday but he didn't go. 4. Is there... bus stop near... building? 5. We have... big dog.... dog is very clever. 6. My friend has... very good computer. 7. This... boy is big. He is... student. 8. There is... very large piano in... hall. 9. This is... tree and that is not... tree. It's... bush. 10. I am... boy. I am... pupil. I study at... school. 11. My sis­ter is at... work. She is... secretary. She works at... large office. 12. This is... very difficult ques­tion. I don't know... answer to it. 13. Do you see... little girl with... big ball in her... hands? She is... pupil of our... school. 14. There was... beautiful flower in this... vase yesterday. Where is... flower now? 15. Last year we were in Geneva. It is... excit­ing city to visit, but... very expensive place to live.

Запомните правила употребления артикля с географическими названиями: Определенный артикль употребляется перед назва­ниями рек, каналов, морей, заливов, проливов, океа­нов, архипелагов, горных цепей. Артикль не употребляется перед названиями озер, отдельных горных вершин, отдельных островов, го­родов, стран, континентов. Исключения: the United States of America the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland the Netherlands the Ukraine the Crimea the Congo

8. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.... Moscow is situated on... Moscow River.... Moscow is a river that moves very slowly. There is... canal called... Moscow-Volga Canal which joins... Moscow to... Volga.... Volga runs into... Cas­pian Sea. 2. Several rivers run into... sea at... New York.... most important is... Hudson River which empties into... Atlantic Ocean. Besides... Hudson there are... two other rivers:... East River and... Harlem River. 3. In... Siberia there are many long rivers:... Ob,... Irtysh,... Yenissei,... Lena and... Amur. 4.... Altai Mountains are... higher than... Urals. 5. There is... splendid... view of... Lake Ge­neva from this hotel. 6. My... friends have travelled a lot. This... year they are going to fly to... Canary Islands. 7. Which river flows through... London? -Thames. 8. Of which country is... Washington... capital? —... United States. 9.... United King­dom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 10. Chicago is on... Lake Michigan.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
in the north in the south in the east in the west	to the north to the south to the east to the west

9. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.... Russia occupies... eastern half of... Eu­rope and... northern third of... Asia. 2.... climate of... northern part of... Russia is severe. 3. This winter is... true Russian winter with... hard frosts. 4. It is warm in... Crimea and... Caucasus. 5.... Washington is... capital of... United States of America. 6. I want to go to... New York some day. 7.... best way to know and understand... people of... other countries is to meet them in their own homes. 8. Is... Australia... island or... continent? 9.... Red Sea is between... Africa and... Asia. 10. There are seven continents on... Earth. 11.... France is to... north of... Italy.

10. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.... Neva flows into... Gulf of... Finland. 2.... Pacific high. 4.... Kazbek is... highest peak of... Cauca­sus. 5.... Alps are covered with... snow. 6.... Shet­land Islands are situated to... north of... Great Britain. 7.... USA is... largest country in... America. 8.... Crimea is washed by... Black Sea. 9.... Lake Baikal is... deepest lake in... world. 10.... Paris is... capital of... France. 11. Lomonosov was born in... small village on... shore of... White Sea. 12. Gogol was born in... Ukraine in 1809. 13.... Caucasus separates... Black Sea from... Caspian Sea. 14.... Europe and... America are separated by... Atlantic Ocean. 15.... Baltic Sea is stormy in winter. 16. There are many small islands in... Pacific Ocean. 17.... North Sea separates... British Isles from... Europe. 18.... Bal­kans are old mountains. 19.... Nile flows across... northeastern part of... Africa to... Mediterranean Sea. 20. Which are... highest mountains in... Russia? Ocean is very deep.

11. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.... Thames is... short river. 2.... Russia is washed by... Arctic Ocean in... north. 3. Kiev is to... south of... Moscow. 4.... Europe is... continent. 5.... Moscow is... capital of... Russia. 6. Is... Asia... island or... continent? 7.... Black Sea is in... south of our country. 8.... White Sea is in... north of our country. 9. This is... map of... world. Can you read... map? What can you see on... map? What... colour are... valleys on... map? 10. Petrov is... architect. He is... experienced architect. He is in... Far East. He has... wife. His wife is... typist. They have... son and... daughter. 11.... Philippines are situated to... southeast of... Asia.

12. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1. This is... pen. It is... good pen.... pen is black. It is on... table. 2. I have got... dog.... dog's name is spot. He is... big grey dog.... dog is very strong. 3. My friend has... sister. Her name is Ann.... girl is... pupil. 4. We have... picture in... living room.. picture is very good. It is on... wall. 5.... Irish Sea is between... Great Britain and... Ireland. 6. There is... map on... wall of... classroom. It is... map of... world. There are many seas and lakes on... map. This is... Mediterranean Sea and that is... Red Sea. These are... Himalayas. They are... highest mountains in... world. 7. We live in... St. Petersburg.... St. Petersburg is... very large city. It is one of... largest cities in... Russia. 8. My brother is... doctor. His flat is in... centre of... city. It is in... new house. There are three rooms in... flat.... living room is.. largest of all. It is... nice light room. There are... pictures on... walls. There is... round table in... middle of... room. There is... sofa at... wall with... large thick carpet in... front of it.... study and... bedroom are small, but very comfortable.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания: to have a good time from morning till night all day long a lot of

13. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

1.Did you have... good time in the country? — Oh, yes.... weather was fine. We were out of... doors from... morning till... night. We played... football,... volleyball and... other games. We came... home late at... night and went to... bed at once. 2. Look at... clock! It is... quarter past ten. Go to... bed at once. 3.... sun rises in... east and sets in... west. 4. We spent last summer in... Ukraine, in... little village on... bank of... big river with... very warm water. There was... wood on... other side of... river. We often went to... wood and gathered... lot of... mushrooms. 5. My friend likes to play... chess. He is ready to play... chess all... day long. He is... best chess player in our school.

14. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.

When we want to write... letter, we take... piece of... paper and... pen. We first write our... ad­dress and... date in... right-hand corner. Then on... left-hand side we write... greeting. We may write, for instance, "My dear brother," "Dear Hen­ry," etc., andthen on... next line we begin... body of... letter. We must not forget to leave... margin on... left-hand side of... page. At... end of... letter we write "Yours," and then we sign our name. We put... letter into... envelope and close... envelope. On... envelope we write... name and address of... person who will receive it. We stick... stamp in... top right-hand corner, and then we post... letter.