ПИИ в принимающих странах: польза или угроза

Прямые иностранные инвестиции (ПИИ) играют значительную роль в экономике принимающей страны. Их влияние не однозначно. Повышение благосостояния населения может привести в долгосрочной перспективе к негативным последствиям. В работе проводится анализ влияния ПИИ на отдельные элементы макроэкономического равновесия страны с целью определения наиболее приемлемой стратегии привлечения иностранных инвестиций в экономику.

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) affects the economies of host countries in a number of ways being one of the basic factors of sustainable economic growth, technological development and welfare. Thus, it is extremely difficult to assess FDI performance on the whole, because its scope is very broad. How can we reveal its actual impact on a host economy? This is the question to be answered.

The main purpose of the present research is to analyze the economic changes in host countries that may be caused by FDI and its main form – TNC. The FDI package varies from one host country to another, and is difficult to separate and quantify. The changes, therefore, can be very complex. In other words, to anticipate them means to avoid difficulties in future. The research includes the analysis of several crucial host country indicators that tend to be most influenced by FDI. Among them are financial resource flows, technology, skills, international trade, employment and other impacts.

The importance of FDI in the world economy has considerably grown. Many enterprises, and even industries, with help of FDI raise their profits and, as a result, level of income of certain groups of people. However, benefit to a particular entity does not necessarily mean benefit to the whole economy. Hence, the superior objective of policymakers is selecting the most appropriate strategy of FDI attraction with minimum losses for the whole economy.

Желудок Е.А.

БТЭУ ПК (Гомель)