Rights of States

- Every State has an inalienable right to choose its political, economic, social and cultural systems, without interference in any form by another State.

Duties:

- to promote universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms

- to fulfil in good faith the obligations

- to refrain from

o threat or use of force against other State (or in any other manner inconsistent with purposes of UN)

o acts of reprisal (involving the use of force)

o organizing, instigating, participating in civil strife in another State

o measures of coercion(принуждение) of another State (economic, political or other)

o subversive, terrorist or armed activities towards violent overthrow of the regime (organize, assist, foment, finance, incite or tolerate)

11. Организация Объединенных Наций: создание, устав, цели и принципы.

- The main provisions of the UN Charter were drew up on the conference of USSR, USA, UK and China representatives in 1944 in Washington

- The final draft of the Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries.

- The UN came into existence on 24 October 1945 (Charter ratified by China, France, USSR, UK, US and a majority of other signatories). USA – depository of instruments of ratification.

Purposes:

- maintain international peace and security

- develop friendly relations among nations (equal rights and self-determination)

- achieve cooperation in international problems (economic, social, cultural and humanitarian), promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms

- harmonize the actions of nations in attaining these common ends

The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.

- sovereign equality of all its Members

- fulfilment of obligations in good faith by all Members

- settlement of disputes by peaceful means

- to refrain from the threat or use of force

- assistance to the UN in any action

- nothing in the Charter is to authorize the UN to inter­vene in matters within domestic jurisdic­tion of any state

- GA admits new Members on recom­mendation of SC.

- Sus­pension or expulsion of a Member for violation of the principles provided.

- Official languages: Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish (Arabic added as official language of GA, SC and Economic and Social Council).