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Exercises. 1. Find the English equivalents for the following expressions:
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1. Find the English equivalents for the following expressions:
1. адвокат, юрист, прокурор, юрисконсульт, атторней (в США)
2. правомочный выступать в качестве обвинителя и защитника
3. авансовый гонорар адвокату за ведение дела
4. зарабатывать себе на жизнь
5. правовая система
6. проводить различие
7. выступать в суде
8. обычное право; некодифицированное право; англосаксонское право
9. государственный нотариус
10. представлять основания иска или возражения против иска
11. обосновывать свою позицию по делу
12. давать юридическую консультацию
13. составлять юридические документы
14. завещание
15. доверенность
16. акт; документ за печатью; договор за печатью
17. правовая норма, распространяющаяся на данный факт
18. придумать, разработать решение
19. исполнять, выполнять, проводить в жизнь, осуществлять
20. сотрудник независимого юридического отдела, юридической фирмы
21. штатный юрист, штатный юрисконсульт
22. адвокат истца
23. адвокат ответчика
24. травма физического лица, причинение вреда здоровью
25. юрист, оформляющий сделки
26. адвокат, сторона в судебном процессе
27. адвокат с правом выступления в судах
28. адвокат апелляционного суда
29. осуществляется
30. Ведомство по Патентам и Товарным знакам
31. патентный поверенный
2. Answer the following questions:
1. What is an attorney in the USA?
2. How does the American legal system differ from those of other countries?
3. What may attorney’s work involve?
4. What does practicing law include?
5. What are the specialized fields of law an American attorney can work in?
6. How can an American attorney get specialization in patent law?
7. Do American attorneys prefer to work solo or in firms?
3. Complete the sentences:
1. An attorney (or attorney-at-law) in the United States is…
2. There are currently…
3. The United States legal system does not…
4. An American attorney may file…
5. Practicing law includes…
6. Many American attorneys limit…
7. Some attorneys do both plaintiff and defense work, others …
8. Transactional (or "office practice") attorneys negotiate and…
9. Specialization in patent law is…
10. Since the 1970s, some law firms…
Text 4: “A Million Lawyers”
Task 1: read and translate the text
It is extraordinary, in fact, how important the law is in America’s national life. Indeed, the justices of the Supreme Court are some of the most powerful people in America. It is often they, rather than the politicians, who make the big decisions that will change people’s daily lives. It is they who decide whether criminals should be punished by death. Politicians, after all, can loose an election if they make unpopular decisions. Justices keep their job for life.
The nine justices of the Supreme Court are probably the most respected people in the USA, but Americans do not think so highly of the less important lawyers.
One reason for the large number of lawyers is that each state has different laws. In Alabama, for example, the school age is from seven to sixteen years old. In Pennsylvania, it is eight to seventeen.
In addition to the different state laws, there are also federal laws, which everyone must obey.
Americans hurry to the courts of law to fight for their rights for all kinds of reasons. This can be a good thing. No employer can afford to be careless about safety. The workers might take them to court. No doctor can be careless with patients. They (the doctors) will find themselves in court, ordered to pay millions of dollars for their mistakes.
Some people feel that things have gone too far. Take Mr and Mrs Zak, for example. One evening they offered scotch to a guest who then drove off in his car and crashed. The court decided that the Zaks had been wrong to give their guest scotch and allow him to drive away drunk. They were ordered to pay 72,500 dollars. It must have been the most expensive bottle of scotch the Zaks ever bought.
Дата публикования: 2014-12-11; Прочитано: 369 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!
