Упр. 12. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Пополните свой словарь терминов по изучаемой специальности

Have you ever opened the hood of your car and wondered what was going on in there? A car engine can look like a big confusing jumble of metal, tubes and wires. You might want to know what's going on or perhaps you are buying a new car.

The purpose of a gasoline car engine is to convert gasoline into motion so that your car can move. The easiest way to create motion from gasoline is to burn the gasoline inside an engine. Therefore, a car engine is an internal combustion engine - combustion takes place internally. Two things to note:

1. There are different kinds of internal combustion engines. Diesel engines are one form and gas turbine engines are another. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

2. There is such a thing as an external combustion engine. A steam engine in old-fashioned trains and steamboats is the best example of an external combustion engine. The fuel (coal, wood, oil, whatever) in a steam engine burns outside the engine to create steam, and the steam creates motion inside the engine. Internal combustion is a lot more efficient (takes less fuel per mile) than external combustion, plus an internal combustion engine is a lot smaller than an equivalent external combustion engine.

Almost all cars today use a reciprocating internal combustion engine because this engine is relatively efficient, relatively inexpensive and relatively easy to refuel.