For by loans through the commercial banks and direct investment). Official aid from the advanced

countries represented in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s Development

Assistance Committee accounts for about 0.27 per cent of their gross domestic product. UK

Foreign aid is administered by the Department for International Development.

Vocabulary Notes to Text 10.7.1.1

The administered transfer of resources — управляемый перевод ресурсов

Official aid — официальная помощь

Direct investment — прямое инвестирование

10.7.1.2. Read and translate the text "Lending Operations Principles" and answer the question:

How is the policy of cost-effectiveness enforced by the IBRD?

Lending Operations Principles.

A. IBRD makes loans to governments, governmental authorities or private enterprises in the

Territories of member countries. A loan that is not made directly to the member in whose territories

The project is located must be guaranteed as to principal, interest and other charges by the member

Or its central bank or a comparable agency of the member acceptable to IBRD. A guarantee by the

Member itself has been obtained in all such cases to date.

B. IBRD's loans are designed to promote the use of resources for productive purposes in its

member countries. Projects financed by IBRD loans are required to meet IBRD's standards for