Task 1. Find in the text the sentences with gerunds and translate them into Russian

Task 2. Translate the sentences from English into Russian paying attention to gerund:

1. The difference in the results obtained appears to be due to the equipment depreciation having been calculated by different methods.

2. A new firm can’t enter the market without its goods being distinguished from others by means of an original trademark.

3. A bank loan enabled the company to protect its real estate from being sold for the debts.

4. Accountants don’t mind a technical term “net assets” being used instead of the term “equity”.

5. The firm was able to increase output produced by having adjusted the amount of man-hours used.

6. Such countries as Mexico and Brazil are satisfied with having increased their exports of manufactured goods to industrialized countries.

7. Investors insisted on being informed about the financial position of the project they supported.

Task 3. Translate into English parts of the sentences given in Russian using gerund and paying attention to prepositions:

1. The stockholders suspect the company of (имеет долги).

2. The employee thanked the manager for (повышение зарплаты).

3. It is known that the author’s copyright prevents publishers from (публикации его книги) without (получения разрешения).

4. In the 1970s the Rover Group, the major UK car producer, approved of (ограничение импорта машин в Великобританию), as it could lead to job losses in the country’s car industry.

5. Being limited by resources, the company should concentrate on (решении самых важных задач).

6. Many countries of the former Soviet block think of (присоединении к Европейскому Союзу).

7. A common agricultural policy of the EC members is to protect domestic producers against (импорта дешевых сельскохозяйственных продуктов) from non-member countries.

8. When a country entirely relies on (получение иностранной финансовой помощи) it can lose its independence.

Task 4. Paraphrase the underlined parts of the sentences according to the pattern using gerundial construction:

Pattern – The manager knows that the company is suffering losses now. – The manager knows of the company suffering losses now.

1. The manager knows that the losses are being suffered by the company now.

2. The bankers were informed that Mr. Black had paid the interest on the loan a few days ago.

3. The author insists that the publisher should make a copyright agreement.

4. The stockholder doesn’t mind that the investment interest is sent to his account in the bank.

5. At the general meeting the stockholders agreed that the company should employ a new Production Manager.

6. The manager knows that the company has suffered losses recently.

7. The bankers suggested that the interest on the loan should be paid by Mr. Black a within three days.

Task 5. Translate the sentences from Russian into English paying attention to gerund:

1. В Настоящее время система финансового учета, как известно, состоит из семи ступеней, причем бухгалтерский учет проводится на первых трех этапах.

2. Менеджеры должны иметь свободный доступ к бухгалтерской информации, чтобы планировать и контролировать деятельность компании.

3. Существует несколько способов повысить экономический прирост, но рост приносит как проблемы, так и преимущества.

4. Вести свой собственный бизнес, значит иметь много проблем.

5. Приобретение акций – хороший способ вложения денег.

6. Определение главных целей компании – это отправная точка стратегического менеджмента.

Section 4: Communication Workshop