VI. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами и их эквивалентами

1. To adapt to change, the organization must know what is changing and how it is changing.

2. This ability is especially important for top managers because they have to solve complex problems

3. Work was organized so that the worker was to do the job in the prescribed manner.

VII. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 3 абзацы текста. Выполните задание после текста.

MANAGEMENT

Management has many definitions as there are managers. There are debates whether management is an art or a science and whether managers are born or made. From a sociological point of view management would seem to be mainly an art (for example how to motivate people to give of their bests), whereas from a quantitative point of view it appears to be far more scientific.

In practical business, management is the art and science of getting things done through other people, but it also includes effective use of your own time. To operate a successful business you need strong management skills. Effective management is the key to business success.

Management includes those personnel who have the right to make decisions that affect company’s affairs. Organization is the means by which management coordinates the efforts of employees to obtain the company’s objectives. As for organization, it involves structure which is a framework enabling management to delegate and control the responsibilities of individuals and departments. In this way, a company can function as a unit with the same efficiency as a business run by one person.

Once organizational structure has been established, areas (and sub areas) of activities, levels of authority and duties must be clearly defined.

There are three management levels: top management, middle management, and operating management. Top management includes the president, vise president, and the general manager. Middle management includes department managers, plant managers, and production superintendents. Operating management includes supervisors, foremen, etc.

The most important responsibility of a manager at any level is decision making. (It is often said that decisions are the motor of business). Successful management is a matter of skill in choosing from alternatives.

VIII. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту:

1. Is a management an art or a science?

2. What is the key to business success?

3. What is management?

4. What is the most important responsibility of a manager?

5. What manger would you like to be: a top manager, a middle manager, or an operating manager and why?