Cycle II. Physiology

LESSON 15

Грамматика: Perfect Active, неопределенно-личные предложения

UNIT 1. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

PART I

Запомните:

Суффикс –able (-ible) образует прилагательные от основы глаголов.

I. Прочтите и переведите:

comfortable, considerable, changeable, eatable, variable, responsible, extensible

II. Прочтите следующие слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

total [‘toutl], ton [tAn], emotion [I’mouSqn], regulate [‘regjuleit], cardiac [‘kRdiqk], cycle [sQikl], systole [‘sistqli], diastole [dQi’qestqli], cardiovascular [kRdio’vqeskjulq], phase [feiz], pressure [‘preSq], role [roul]

III. Выучите новые слова и словосочетания:

to pump [pAmp] – накачивать, нагнетать, выталкивать, выбрасывать

pump - насос

rate – частота, скорость

pulse rate – частота пульса

respiratory rate – частота дыхания

to beat [bJt] (beat, beaten) – бить(ся), ударять(ся)

beat – удар, толчок

to depend (on) [di’pend] – зависеть (от)

wave – волна, колебание; зубец

to follow [‘fOlou] – следовать, соблюдать

exertion [ig’zWSn] – напряжение, усилие, нагрузка

on exertion – при нагрузке

to prolong [prq’lON] - продлевать

prolonged - длительный

to discharge (from) [dis’tSRdZ] – выписывать (из больницы)

to discharge (out) – выделять, выбрасывать

discharge - выделение

to estimate [‘estimeit] – определять, оценивать, подсчитывать

to serve [sWv] - служить

to send (sent, sent) – направлять, посылать

considerable [kqn’sidqrqbl] - значительный

to increase [in’krJs] – увеличивать, повышать

possibility [,pOsi’biliti] - возможность

IV. Переведите следующие словосочетания:

on physical exertion, to be discharged from the hospital, prolonged period, to follow the diet, to follow the doctor’s instructions, to discharge out blood, pulmonary circulation, to estimate the number of cells, to pump blood through the blood vessels, the total body weight, the period of rest, to increase the number, to have the possibility, to serve as a pump, waves of the cardiogram

V. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения:

1. The human heart begins to beat and pump blood quicker than usual during the emotional stress. 2. The human heart makes 60-80 contractions per minute. 3. On physical exertion the heart has a short period of rest and the diastole becomes less. 4. The heart acts as a pump discharging out the blood to peripheral and pulmonary systems. 5. Ten tons of blood are pumped through the heart daily. 6. John Floyer, an English doctor (1649-1734), was the first scientist to find out the varying pulse rate in men.

VI. Найдите в каждом ряду глагол во временах группы Perfect:

1. will call, has called, is called, is calling

2. was determined, should determine, had determined, was determining

3. is pumping, must pump, is pumped, will have pumped

4. does not bring, is not bringing, has not brought, was not brought

VII. Прочтите, обратите внимание на употребление наречий, переведите предложения:

1. He has never been to London. 2. The patient has already restored his health. 3. The students have j ust passed the exam in anatomy. 4. We have not learnt the structure of the heart yet. 5. Have you heard about the conference yet? 6. Have you ever used this method of treatment?

VIII. Вставьте в предложения наречия already, yet:

1. Physiologists have described the functions of the human heart. 2. The doctor has not discharged the patient from the clinic. 3. The students have completed their work in the laboratory. 4. Have you participated at the scientific conferences? 5. He has not published the report on his discovery. 6. The scientists have introduced this term.

IX. Раскройте скобки:

1. The nurse already (to take temperature). 2. The doctor (not to use) this method of treatment yet. 3. The scientist just (to begin) his new experiment. 4. You (to take) ever this medicine? 5. I never (to read) books by this writer.

X. Найдите предложения со сказуемыми в Perfect, прочтите и переведите их:

1. The physiology of the lungs is associated with their structure.

2. When the doctor was examining the patient he asked him to breathe deeply.

3. We have got some interesting findings of our experiments.

4. The lungs have many capillaries.

5. The patient has restored his health by the end of September.

6. Patient’s health will be restored soon.

7. These corpuscles have great elasticity and flexibility.

8. Scientists have called this phase of contraction – ventricular systole.

9. The patient had to call in a doctor because his condition was very poor.

10. The total blood volume is divided into circulating and reservoir volumes.

11. The researchers have not found out the origin of the disease.

XI. Выберите правильный ответ на вопрос:

1. What did the scientists find out?

a. The scientists find out the total blood weight.

b. The scientists found out the total blood weight.

c. The scientists have found out the total blood weight.

2. What is the rate of the heartbeat regulated by?

a. The rate of the heartbeat was regulated by two groups of nerve fibers.

b. The rate of the heartbeat has regulated by two groups of nerve fibers.

c. The rate of the heartbeat is regulated by two groups of nerve fibers.

3. What has the physician used?

a. The physician has already used the new method of treatment.

b. The physician is already used the new method of treatment.

c. The physician already used the new method of treatment.

4. How many phases does each cardiac cycle consist of?

a. Each cardiac cycle consist of three phases.

b. Each cardiac cycle is consist of three phases.

c. Each cardiac cycle consists of three phases.

XII. Переведите предложения, обращая внимания на выделенные наречия:

1. Я часто посылаю письма своим родителям. 2. Я только что отправил письмо своим родителям. 3. Вчера я отправил письмо своим родителям. 4. Вчера я отправил письмо своим родителям до того, как пошел на лекцию. 5. Я отправлю письмо своим родителям в следующий понедельник. 6 Я отправлю письмо своим родителям к концу недели. 7. Сейчас я отправляю не письмо, а фотографии.

XIII. Прочтите и переведите текст: