Additional Text. Numerical Control

Grammar. Adjective. Adverb.

Text Study

I. Pre-reading Exercises

1. Repeat the words in chorus:

Semiautomatic, lathes, unloading, transfer-machine, except, extensive, major, manufacturing, technique, in whole, petrochemicals, especially, quality

2. While reading the text you will come across a number of international words. Try to guess what Ukrainian words they remind of you:

Automation, muscle, mechanical, process, mechanization, Industrial Revolution, machines, automatic, physical, operate, control, history, engineering, components.

3. Pay attention to some grammatical points:

1) The first machines were not automatic; they performed many physical tasks but they had to be operated and controlled by workers.2)The machines have widened the range of operations that can be performed automatically and they have mechanized some loading and unloading of machines. 3) One of the factors for the industrial engineer to consider is whether each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in part. 4) During the Middle Ages, windmills had been made to turn by taking advantage of changes in the wind by means of devices that worked automatically.

II. Reading

Read the text and be ready to find in the text the answers to the following questions:

· What is ‘mass production techniques’?

· What factors should the industrial engineer consider in the process of manufacturing?