Exercise 12. Write out verb forms except the verb to be and define their tense and voice forms, give the Infinitive

Example: was given - Past Simple, Passive Voice - to be given.

Exercise 13. The following Participles I and II are used in the function of an attribute. Translate them and find in the text the sentences where they are used.

Characterized, accompanying, predisposing, increasing, involving, composed, associated, called, given, termed, based on, contained, considered.

Exercise 14. Find in the text the sentences where the following predicates are used, point out the Tense and Voice, translate the sentences:

Is called, consists of, bombarded, established, are excluded, uses, provide, is required, were teeming, arc interrelated, is considered, is composed, are associated, may be subdivided.

Exercise 15. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following expressions. Find them in the text and compose your own sentences with these expressions.

Abiotic factors, water vapour, the surface of the primitive Earth, in time, of their own kind, solar energy, to transmit genetic information, respiration, interrelationship, living communities, primary producers, consumers, to break down, to be subdivided, the major consideration.

Exercise 16. Give Ukrainian equivalents to these adverbs. Find in the text above sentences where they are used.

Largely, strictly, relentlessly, ultimately, slowly, inseparably, constantly, simply.