N E P H R O L I T H I A S I S

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation:

Nephrolithiasis [nefrəliθi'eisis], calculi ['kælkjulai], pyelonephritis [paiələuni'fraitis], gravel ['græv(ə)l], rough [rΛf], hydronephrosis [haidrəni'frəusis],ureter [juə'ri:tə], excruciating [iks'kru:∫ieitiŋ], stasis ['stæsis], anuria [ə'njuəriə], uremia [juə'ri:miə], ensue [in'sju:]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

Calculus (calculi) – камень (камни)

Gravel – гравий, галька

Stag-horn - разветвленный

Rough – грубый, неровный

Persistent - длительный

Flank – бок, сторона

Groin - пах

Soreness - чувствительность

Intermittent - периодический

To ensue – следовать

Excruciating - мучительный

Exercise 3. The following list gives you the suffixes from which most common conditions and operations are derived.

Suffixes:

— itis...........inflammation of — ostomy.........the formation of a

— osis..........a condition of new opening

— otomy ….anopening into — plasty......... a reformation of

— ectomy …excisionof — gram.......... an X-ray picture of

— oma.........a tumor of

Make up as manyterms as possible and explain their meaning as in the example:

Tracheotomy – a surgical incision into the trachea

Exercise 4. Choose the correct definitions to the following terms:

1) calculus 1)obstruction and infection of the kidney resulting in pus

formation;

2 ) obstruction 2) denoting stoppage of a flow of liquid, stagnation;

3) renal (adj.)3) a term indicating the blockage of a body vessel. It may

by caused by foreign objects by naturally formed«stones»

(gallstones);

4) pyonephritis4) relating to or affecting the kidney;

5) stasis 5) a stone a hard pebble-like mass formed within the body,

particularly in the gall bladder or in the urinary tract.

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text: