The respiratory system

I. Прочтите слова, определите части речи и переведите их:

vascular, circulation, importance, impossible, muscular, finally, regulate, treatment, numerous, anatomist, lateral, substance, length, movement, subcutaneous, passage, fibrous, separate, gradually, general, pulmonary, cavity, condition

II. Прочтите следующие слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

respiratory [ris’pQirqtqri], lateral [‘lqetqrql], mediastinum [,mJdiqs’tQinqm], pleura [‘pluqrq], lobular [‘lObjulq], external [eks’tWnl], serous [‘siqrqs], visceral [‘visqrql], conical [‘kOnikl], diaphragm [‘dQiqfrqem], nose [nouz], pharynx [‘fqeriNks], larynx [‘lqeriNks], trachea [trq’kJq], bronchus [‘brONkqs] (pl. bronchi [‘brONkQi]), alveolus [qel’viqlqs] (pl. alveoli [qel’viqlQi]), oxygen [‘OksiGqn], parenchyma [pq’reNkimq]

III. Выучите новые слова и словосочетания:

carbon dioxide [‘kRbqn dQi’OksQId] – углекислый газ

voice [vois] - голос

to cover [‘kAvq] – покрывать, закрывать

shape – форма, очертание

spongy [‘spAnGi] – пористый, губчатый

border [‘bLdq] – граница. край

to extend [iks’tend] – простираться, увеличиваться

upward [‘Apwqd] - вверх

above [q’bAv] – над, выше

through [TrH] – через, сквозь

to vary [‘vFqri] – менять(ся), изменять(ся)

lobe - доля

heavy [‘hevi] – тяжелый, плотный

capacity [kq’pqesiti] – емкость, объем

vital capacity of the lungs – жизненная емкость легких

infant [‘infqnt] - - младенец, ребенок

pale - бледный

colour [‘kAlq] - цвет

layer [‘leiq] – слой, листок (плевры)

proper [‘prOpq] – собственный, правильный, соответствующий

to breathe [brJD] - дышать

environment [in’vQiqrqnmqnt] – окружающая среда

IV. Вставьте необходимые слова, данные ниже:

1.The aorta … from the upper part of the left ventricle. 2. The shape of the vessels … when they dilate. 3. The left lung consists of two…. 4. The right lung is … than the left one. 5. The lungs are conical in …. 6. The lungs are … with the pleura. 7. In adults the … of the lungs becomes darker. 8. The parenchyma is a … substance of the lungs.

varies, proper, covered, lobe, colour, extends, shape, heavier

V. Прочтите, определите видо-временную форму сказуемого и переведите предложения:

1. The aorta begins at the upper part of the left ventricle.

2. New experimental findings were determined by the young scientist.

3. The patient is receiving treatment in the surgical department.

4. There are two lungs in the human body.

5. The lungs are covered with the pleura.

6. The vital capacity of the lungs will be estimated during the examination.

7. We breathe through the lungs from which the oxygen is distributed to all parts of

the body.

8. The new technique is becoming useful in clinical diagnosis.

9. The heart pumps the blood into the lungs by circulatory system and from the left

chamber the blood is pumped into the aorta.

10. To make respiration deep the number of the opened alveoli and capillaries must

increase.

VI. Прочтите, определите функцию причастия I и переведите предложения:

1. Being at the sanatorium the patient began to feel much better. 2. I went to speak to the doctor treating my sister. 3. The changing condition of the patient became worse yesterday. 4. The skeletal muscles moving the body are contracted. 5. Moving the body the skeletal muscles are contracted. 6. Scientists are developing new techniques to perform operations on the heart. 7. The cardiovascular system consisting of the heart and blood vessels is a transportation system. 8. The endocrine system is the system regulating activities of the body. 9. They will be working in the laboratory in the morning on Friday. 10. The fibrous bands forming the muscular structure of the heart are divided into two groups. 11. Carrying blood to and from the lungs the vessels of the pulmonary system dilate and contract simultaneously (одновременно) with the action of the heart. 12. Now he is receiving the treatment at the surgical department. 13. The semilunar valve is the dividing portion at the point of origin of the aorta in the left ventricle.

VII. Прочтите, определите функцию слова one и переведите предложения:

1. One knows that bronchitis can become chronic.

2. Blood consists of thrombocytes, white cells and red ones.

3. In the journal there is one article describing the method of examination of bronchi.

4. One takes oxygen from the environment.

5. Fever is an objective symptom and headache is a subjective one.

6. One can live longer without food than without sleep.

7. Penicillin is one of the most important antibiotics.

8. One knows that the level of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is constant.

9. The left ventricle is longer and more conical than the right one.

10. One thinks of respiration as the mechanical process of breathing.

11. The right lung is heavier than the left one.

12. One must remember that air is full of bacteria.

VIII. Прочтите и переведите текст: