Table 1

Одеський юридичний інститут ХНУВС

Кафедра іноземних мов

Практикум з

граматичної теми

“ Subjunctive Mood II

(умовний спосіб)”

для магістрів

спеціальність “Правознавство”

Одеса – 2005

Рекомендовано до друку рішенням Вченої ради ОЮІ НУВС.

Протокол № 1 від 29 вересня 2005 р.

Укладачи:

Мітіна О.М ., зав. кафедрою іноземних мов ОЮІ НУВС, кандідат філологічних наук, Лебединська О.В., викладач

Рецензенти:

Мізецька В.Я ., зав.кафедрою іноземних мов Одеської національної юридичної академії, професор, доктор філологічних наук.

Костюк Н.О., доцент кафедри іноземних мов природознавчого факультету ОНУ ім.. І.І. Мечникова, кандидат педагогічних наук.

ЗМІСТ

Вступ

1. What is mood?
2. Sentences of real condition
3. Complex sentences with clauses of unreal condition
4. Mixed time-sphere conditional sentences
5. Sentences with “implied” condition
6. Conjunctions introducing clauses
7. Sentences of problematic condition
8. Other uses of subjunctive II (past subjunctive)
9. Література

ВСТУП

У вивченні англійської мови для юриста береться до уваги передусім практична сторона, а саме – засвоєння граматичних тем, юридичної термінології, та підготовка до кращого сприйняття й розуміння.

Курс практичних занять є допоміжним матеріалом при вивченні граматичної теми Subjunctive Mood II англійської мови, який розрахований на 8 аудиторних та 4 самостійних годин.

I. Mood is a grammatical category of the verb expressing modality, i. e. the relation of the action or state expressed by the verb from the speaker’s point of view. The four Oblique Moods of Modern English represent the action as unreal, problematic desirable, necessary, etc.

Table 1

Subjunctive I (Present Subjunctive)	Subjunctive II (Past Subjunctive)
I He She Do sth It + We be +… You They	I DID sth \ HAD DONT sth He WERE +…\ (WAS) She WERE DOING\ HAD BEEN DOING (WAS) It + We \reference\ /reference You To present / to past / or future They
Represent the action as problematic (not contrary to reality)	Represents the action as contrary to reality
is used in sentences expressing	Is used in sentences expressing
1. Necessity, order, demand, suggestion, etc.   It’s necessary that he see the performance. Peoples of the world demand that arms race be stopped.   2. Concession So be it I Bring what it may, I’ll never give up.   3. wish Be ours a happy meeting. God bless you.	1. Unreal condition (in cond. clauses) If I were you I would see the performance. 2. Concession Even if I were busy I would try to see the performance. 3. Comparison She speaks English as if she had lived all her life in London. 4. Unreal wish, regret If only we were young again I wish we were young again. 5. Desirability, criticism It’s time they were here. 6. Advice, preference I’d rather stay at home and you had better invite then here.

Subjunctive III (Conditional Mood)

Subjunctive IV (Suppositional Mood)

+ Should do / have done We (would)   He She + would do / have done It /reference / reference You to present to past / They or future/   Represents the action as contrary to reality Is used in sentences expressing:   1. Unreal consequences of unreal conditions If I were free tomorrow I should (would) see the performance. I’ll be busy, otherwise I should see the performance. I was busy; otherwise I should have seen the performance. But for the urgent work I should have seen the performance. If I had been free yesterday, I should have seen the performance. 2. Concession   Even if I were busy I should try to see the performance. Even if he hadn’t had that urgent work to do, he wouldn’t have seen the performance. He is not fond of the theatre.

I He She It + should do / have done We / to reference /reference You to present to past / They or future /   Represents the action as problematic, not necessarily as contrary to reality Is used in sentences expressing:   1. Necessity, order, demand, suggestion, etc. It’s necessary that you should take part in the conference. 2. Feeling and emotions It’s strange that he should have taken part in the conference, he didn’t intend to. 3. Fear, recommendation, purpose I fear lest the child should catch a cold. Put on something warm lest you should catch a cold. 4. Problematic condition Should anything delay you, ring me up. 5. Problematic concession Ellen will come for sure, even if I should be delayed.

II. SENTENCES OF REAL CONDITION

Though no forms of Oblique Moods are used in sentences with clauses of real conditions, it’s useful to revise the use of different tense forms of the verb in the Indicative Mood in sentences of this kind. Pay special attention to the use of Present tense forms in sentences referring to future.