Three items of technological innovation

Lesson 4

word	Original meaning	New meaning	Russian meaning
1.To surf	to ride on a board on the waves of the sea	to move around the Internet
2.A bug	a small insect	an error in a computer program
3.To boot	to kick	to start a computer
4.To crack	to make something split	to break a computer code
5.A flame	a red or yellow burning gas	an insulting or unfriendly e-mail
6.A geek	an entertainer who bites the heads off live chickens	a rich successful person in the computer industry

1.	"Who invented the computer?" is a question with a simple answer.	True	False
2.	A computer is a counting device which manipulates data according to a list of instructions.	True	False
3.	Embedded computers are big, complicated devices that are often used to control other devices.	True	False
4.	The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile.	True	False
5.	The use of digital electronics and more flexible programmability were vitally important steps.	True	False

Do’s	Don’t
Stay calm. A computer virus isn't dangerous until the infected email is opened. Delete any mail you think is infected and empty your deleted items folder.	Don't open any attachment you are not sure about, even if you have a virus scanner.
Read the email. Check that the contents of the message makes sense before you open any attachments.	Don't forward any attachment to a friend without being sure it is safe.
Look out for hoaxes. There are many emails warning of "the most destructive virus ever", but often these viruses don't exist.	Don't send an email about a "new virus" without checking it out. Visit sites like vmyths.comto check for hoaxes.
Send any email you think is infected to an anti-virus company (you may have to own a copy of their virus software). They can tell you if it is a virus or not.	Don't send mail that may contain a virus to anyone other than official virus companies. Mail filtering systems will probably delete it anyway.
Make sure you have a recent backup of your most important work.	Don't place backup floppy disks in your computer if you think you have a virus, as the virus could spread to your backups.
If you get a computer virus you'll need to use a virus scanner to get rid of it.	Don't be blasé just because you have a virus scanner. You will still need to keep your eyes open in case a new virus emerges.

Check Definition: Imperatives are verbs used to give orders, commands, warning or instructions, and (if you use ‘please’) to make a request. To make the imperative, use the infinitive of the verb without ‘to’. To make a negative imperative, put ‘do not’ or ‘don't’ before the verb: For example: · Don't go! · Do not walk on the grass. For more on this, turn to ‘Grammar Reference’.